天基预警雷达空中运动目标检测方法研究

As the outpost and core equipment of national defense and surveillance system, space-based early warning radar can break through the limits of national boundaries, and realize the long distance and large scale surveillance. Combined with the air moving target detection technique, space-based early warning radar can exhibit the ability to continuously monitor the stealth target. By utilizing the temporal and spatial degrees of freedom, we research the new concepts to improve the air target detection performance based on target motion characteristic. Firstly, we quantitatively analyze the effects of different factors about platform, antenna, radar load, and clutter scattering type on clutter varying characteristic, and then realize the robust clutter rejection after performing the effective system compensation and inhomogeneous sample selection. After precisely compensating the defocusing effects along range and azimuth directions for moving targets, we propose a new super resolution method to accomplish the super estimation of target number. Finally, the air moving targets can be effectively relocated onto their true positions. This research can effectively remedy the deficiency of the existing techniques, promote the new ideas and new methods, and provide the theoretical and technological foundations to improve the anti-stealth ability for a space-based early warning radar system of our country.

作为国家级战略预警体系的前哨和核心，天基预警雷达可以突破国界的限制，实现防区外远距离大范围的预警监视。将其与空中运动目标检测技术相结合，具备对隐身目标持续监视能力。本项目研究利用天基预警系统的时间和空间自由度，并挖掘空中目标的运动特性，通过探索新思路提高天基预警雷达对空中运动目标的探测性能。首先，定量分析平台、天线、雷达载荷、杂波散射类型等不同因素对杂波特性的影响，再通过有效的系统补偿和非均匀样本挑选等步骤实现杂波的稳健抑制；然后对目标的距离-方位散焦影响进行精确补偿，并利用阵列超分辨技术实现密集目标群的信源数超分辨估计；最后，根据杂波和目标空域分布特性的不同实现运动目标的高效定位。本项目综合开展利用天基预警探测技术对空中运动目标检测的理论和方法研究，可有效弥补现有技术的不足，为提升我国反隐身作战能力提供有力的技术支持和理论支撑。