典型有色金属采选冶集中区重金属污染过程的环境生物地球化学行为及其地球微生物学响应研究

Nonferrous metal exploitation and smelting has created enormous economic benefitson our daily life, but also led toincreasedtoxicity to eco-systems and environments and great threats to human health. Geomicrobiology and microbial metabolism are critical in environmental geobiochemical cycle and important in understanding environmental behavior and biogeochemical mechanismunderextreme acidic, toxic, and highlyoxidation environment in reducing their pollution and toxicity in the environment. Ourstudy will integrate environmental geomicrobiology, biogeochemistry, and organic geochemistry with modern micro-thermal technology, physical and chemical techniques of molecular biology and isotope method- to investigate the interaction and mechanism between heavy metals and environmental geomicrobes at molecular level, endocrine metabolism, functional gene expression, and biodiversity, the geochemical information of transportation and transformation of heavy metals in the environment, and establish novel models of safety assessment for human beings on heavy metals and environmental geomicrobial responses. We aim toutilize environmental geomicrobes to better predict, assess, control, and remedy the environments polluted by heavy metals withnew unique highly efficient ways.

有色金属矿业给人类带来了巨大经济效益，同时也对生态环境造成巨大污染，严重威胁到了人类健康。地球微生物及其功能群在重金属和选冶药剂及其降解产物的环境生物地球化学循环中扮演着多重角色，研究以典型有色金属采选冶集中区为源头的强酸性、高毒性、强氧化性、高络合性、高迁移性及区域性等多重极端环境下的重金属和选冶药剂及其降解产物形成二次污染及复合污染对其地球微生物新陈代谢影响及所形成的各种生物地球化学特征是解决重金属和选冶药剂污染的突破口。本研究将地球微生物学、环境生物地球化学的理论与现代微量热、分子生物学、同位素示踪及微束分析等先进的理化生技术相结合，通过研究重金属和选冶药剂二次污染及复合污染过程的环境生物地球化学行为，及其地球微生物和功能群生长、内源和静息代谢的过程变化、功能基因表达和生物多样性的差异，从能量和物质代谢角度，在分子水平上揭示重金属和选冶药剂及其降解产物与地球微生物相互作用的生物地球化学过程机制，系统研究和科学评价地球微生物活动对有色矿山重金属地球化学循环的影响，为人类生存环境的评价和改善、发展高效的重金属和选冶药剂二次污染和复合污染防治技术提供l理论依据和技术支持。