断裂垂向分段生长机制及定量表征方法研究

Fault segmentation growth are universal. However, because of the limitation of seismic resolution, the two fault had been interpreted as one fault at the seismic section, which is a common phenomenon. Therefore, we need to carry out the fine seismic interpretation on fault vertical segmentation growth, but lack of effective quantitative evaluation method on fault vertical segmentation growth. This project take the Daqing placanticline of Songliao basin as the key anatomy object, based on the first coring well through fault and the data of “one well-multiple fault point”, well and seismic jointly build the mode on fault vertical segmentation growth, and we will use the quantitative identification method of fault vertical segmentation growth, which confirm the combination type and horizon of fault vertical segmentation growth. We test the rock mechanic characteristics of different stratum, based on the observation and description of field and cores, and commit the formation mechanism of fault vertical segmentation growth. Combined with sandbox physical simulation experiment, we will clarify the geological conditions of fault vertical segmentation growth and build up a quantitative analysis criterion on process of fault vertical segmentation growth, which consider a cloud of factors. Thus, these will establish the foundation for the fine seismic interpretation of fault vertical segmentation growth, guide the rational deployment of oil and gas field exploration and development, and reduce its risk.

断层垂向分段生长具有普遍性，由于地震分辨率的限制，地震剖面两条断层被解释成一条断层的现象较普遍，因此需要开展断层垂向分段生长地震精细解释，但缺少有效的断层垂向分段生长定量表征方法。本项目以松辽盆地大庆长垣构造为重点解剖对象，以首口过断层取芯井和“一井多断”断点数据为基础，井-震联合构建断层垂向分段生长组合模式，应用断层垂向分段生长定量识别标志，明确断层垂向分段生长组合类型和层位。以野外和岩心观察描述为基础，测试不同地层岩石力学特征，明确断层垂向分段生长形成的形成机制；结合砂箱物理模拟实验，落实断层垂向分段生长形成的地质条件，建立一种考虑多因素的断层垂向分段生长过程定量判别标准，从而为断层垂向分段生长精细解释奠定基础，指导油气田勘探开发方案的合理部署，降低其风险性。

断层垂向分段生长具有普遍性，由于地震分辨率的限制，地震剖面两条断层被解释成一条断层的现象较普遍，因此需要开展断层垂向分段生长地震精细解释，但缺少有效的断层垂向分段生长定量表征方法。本项目目的是明确断层垂向分段生长的形成机制，并建立相应的定量评价方法。以岩石力学层划分为基础，结合油田断点数据和砂箱物理模拟研究，明确了断层垂向分段生长形成的地质条件，建立了断层垂向分段组合模式以及分段生长判别标准，并构建了以断层分段生长为指导的“多段式”精细解释模型。在此基础上，基于岩石力学特征测试，明确了不同类型盖层脆韧性转换临界，结合油气藏精细解剖和油气地球化学示踪研究，建立了适用于不同脆韧性盖层段断层垂向分段生长定量评价方法。.该套方法不仅助于指导油气多层系勘探评价，有效降低勘探风险率；同时有助于提高勘探开发断层解释可靠性，有效解决了油田实践“一井多断”现象，提高了断点组合率。

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