Tests of fundamental physics using precision measurements of simple atomic systems

使用简单原子系统的精密测量进行基础物理测试

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05864
• 负责人: Hessels, Eric
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762998
• 关键词: Tests; fundamental; physics; using; precision

The proposed research involves several separate areas, each with very different methodologies and objectives. All areas are high-profile, and Dr. Hessels is considered by the international atomic physics community to be a leader in these areas:1. Lamb shift and the proton charge radius The atomic hydrogen n=2 Lamb shift is being measured using microwaves and the new Frequency-Offset Separated-Oscillatory-Fields (FOSOF) technique developed in Dr. Hessels' group. When the measurement is completed, it will determine the charge radius of the proton at a higher precision than can be achieved from all other existing hydrogen measurements combined. This result will help to resolve (or enhance) the current several-standard-deviation discrepancy between different determinations of the charge radius. This discrepancy is referred to by the community as the proton radius puzzle, and has been the topic of hundreds of papers in the past 7 years.2. Helium fine structure and the fine-structure constant New ultraprecise microwave FOSOF measurements of the n=2 triplet P fine structure of helium are being completed, and will be the most precise measurements of any helium fine structure. They will form a new precise test of quantum electrodynamics and will also move the precision measurements community closer to a high-precision determination of the fine-structure constant (the fundamental constant of nature that determines the strength of all electromagnetic interactions). A comparison between this determination of the fine-structure constant and a determination from the electron g-factor forms a strong test of the theories of physics (including possible effects of dark matter or other physics beyond the Standard Model). 3. Trapping, laser-cooling and precise spectroscopy of antimatter atoms Dr. Hessels and the ATRAP collaboration are preparing for an experiment in which trapped antihydrogen atoms will interact with laser light. The laser light will be used to slow the motion of the antimatter atoms, and this slowing is the next major step towards precision spectroscopy of these anti-atoms. A comparison between hydrogen and antihydrogen spectroscopy will test CPT and the symmetry between matter and antimatter. Successful laser cooling and spectroscopy of laser-cooled antimatter will greatly advance the field of antimatter research.4. Other workAdditionally, Dr. Hessels is working with the ATRAP collaboration on a more precise measurement of the antiproton magnetic moment, is collaborating with Dr. Horbatsch (York) on calculations of the effect of quantum interference on precision measurements, is collaborating with Dr. Storry (York) on precision spectroscopy of positronium and on the production of a new positronic atom (composed of a negative hydrogen ion and a positron), and is collaborating with Dr. Vutha (U. Toronto) on a new idea for measuring the electric dipole moment of the electron.

拟议的研究涉及几个不同的领域，每个领域都有截然不同的方法和目标。所有领域都备受瞩目，而国际原子物理学界认为Hessels是这些领域的领导者：1。羔羊的偏移和质子电荷半径是使用微波和新的频率偏移分离的振荡场（FOSOF）技术测量原子氢n = 2羔羊的移位。测量完成后，它将以比所有其他现有的氢测量结果合并得出的精度确定质子的电荷半径。该结果将有助于解决（或增强）电荷半径不同确定之间的当前几个标准散射差异。社区将这种差异称为质子半径难题，在过去的7年中一直是数百篇论文的话题。2。氦细胞结构和精细结构常数新的超抑制微波微波FOSOF测量N = 2三重速度P细胞的氦气结构正在完成，这将是任何氦气细胞结构的最精确测量。它们将形成量子电动力学的新精确测试，还将移动精确测量社区，更接近对精细结构常数的高度确定（决定所有电磁相互作用的强度）。这种确定精细结构常数和从电子G因子确定的比较形成了对物理学理论的强烈检验（包括暗物质或标准模型之外的其他物理学的可能影响）。 3.反物质的捕获，激光冷却和精确光谱Hessels博士和Attrap协作正在为一个实验做准备，在该实验中，捕获的抗溶质原子将与激光光相互作用。激光光将用于减慢反物质原子的运动，这是迈向这些抗原子精确光谱法的下一个主要步骤。氢和抗氧光谱的比较将测试CPT和物质与反物质之间的对称性。激光冷却反物质的成功激光冷却和光谱将大大推动反物质研究领域4。 Hessels博士在其他工作方面，正在与ATRAP协作进行更精确的测量，以对抗蛋白磁矩进行更精确的测量，正在与Horbatsch（York）博士合作，计算量子干扰对精确测量的影响，是与Storry（York）对Precision of Position of Positirors of Positironic（York of Positironic of Positientironic of Positironic of Positientironic of Positientironic of Positientiror的效果的计算） positron），并正在与Vutha博士（U. Toronto）合作，以测量电子偶极矩的新想法。