Precision calibration, communication, and Earth observation using a miniature stratospheric platform

使用微型平流层平台进行精密校准、通信和地球观测

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04514
• 负责人: Albert, Justin
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762918
• 关键词: Precision; calibration; communication; Earth; observation

Objectives This program is developing a novel stratospheric platform capability with broad impact across the diverse fields of astronomy, telecommunications, Earth observation, the science of Earth's atmosphere, and surveillance for intelligence and defence.  We are constructing a low-cost, hand-launched miniature stratospheric propelled balloon which can remain persistently over a single region of Earth's surface, at altitudes of between 12 and 30 km, over timescales of up to months between its ascent from and its descent to Earth. The aim is for the device to be serviced very simply, quickly, and cheaply, and sent promptly back up again, repeatedly and indefinitely. Scientific Approach This interdisciplinary research draws from the fields of basic physics, astronomy, and aerospace engineering.  With both strong international support, and Canadian and international partners with decades of experience in developing and flying high-altitude airships for both scientific and defence-related R&D, we have designed, constructed, flown, and recovered our payloads for high-altitude balloons containing both monochromatic light sources for astronomical calibration, as well as onboard photometric calibration of these sources.  We utilize individually-controlled monochromatic lightweight laser diode modules and LEDs with light directed into an integrating sphere.  The light output from the sphere is continuously monitored by precisely-calibrated photodiodes. Using this standard calibration technique, photometric and radiometric measurement of sources regularly obtain precisions of better than an order of a part in 103. Impact We will create a highly-affordable hub for: cellular and remote-region communication; photometric and polarimetric calibration for both astronomy and atmospheric science; aerosol and trace gas sampling; surveillance; and monitoring of ground, ship, and aircraft traffic in the Arctic and elsewhere.  This program will provide training for HQP and undergraduates in cutting-edge, in-demand fields as varied as aerospace engineering, astrophysics, precision metrology, radio communication, and atmospheric and space science; and provide a well-defined, commercializable, and affordable product that will have a major impact on the scientific (as well as commercial and defence) capabilities of Canada and our colleagues around the world.  Our atmospheric science collaborators will additionally be using our data and technique for calibration of the AEROCAN aerosol monitoring network, to increase the precision of aerosol data for climate studies.  Beyond the 0.1%-level precision photometry foreseen with our real-time photodiode calibration of our onboard light sources, the much longer-term goals of the program include utilizing onboard cryogenic radiometer-based calibration, enabling observatories across the world to reach the then-technology-limited precision of 0.01% photometry.

目的该计划正在开发一种新型的平流层平台能力，具有在天文学，电信，地球观察，地球大气科学以及对智力和防御的监视方面的潜水领域的广泛影响。我们正在构建一个低成本的，手工推出的微型平流层驱动气球，该气球可以在地球表面的一个区域持续保持在12至30 km之间的高度，在其下降到地球之间的数月内，在12至30 km之间。其目的是使设备得到非常简单，快速，便宜的服务，并迅速再次备份，反复，无限期地备份。科学方法这项跨学科研究借鉴了基本物理，天文学和航空工程领域。凭借强大的国际支持，以及加拿大和国际合作伙伴，在开发和飞行与科学和国防相关的R＆D的高空飞艇方面拥有数十年的经验，我们已经设计，建造，飞行，飞行和恢复了我们的有效载荷，用于高空气球，用于含有单色光源，其中含有单一的光源，用于天文校准，以及板上的光量劳动，以及这些销售量的这些来源。我们利用单独控制的单色轻量级激光二极管模块和LED，将光引导到集成球体中。来自球体的光输出通过精确校准的光二极管连续监测。使用这种标准校准技术，源的光度法和辐射测量定期获得比103中零件的更好的精确度。影响力我们将为蜂窝和偏远地区通信创建一个高度可承受的集线器；用于天文学和大气科学的光度法和极化校准；气溶胶和痕量气体采样；监视;并监视北极和其他地方的地面，船舶和飞机交通。该计划将为HQP和本科培训提供尖端的，需求领域的培训，如航空工程，天体物理学，精密度量，无线电通信以及大气和太空科学的多样化；并提供明确，商业化且负担得起的产品，该产品将对加拿大和我们的全球同事的科学（以及商业和国防）能力产生重大影响。我们的大气科学合作者还将使用我们的数据和技术来校准Aerocan气溶胶监测网络，以提高气溶胶数据的精度以进行气候研究。除了我们对机上光源的实时光电二极管校准预见的0.1％级别的精度光度法之外，该计划的长期目标包括使用基于低温辐射仪的板辐射仪校准，从而使世界各地的观察者达到当时的技术限制精度为0.01％的光度体系。