Quantum communication based on entanglement and hyper-entanglement

基于纠缠和超纠缠的量子通信

• 批准号: RTI-2023-00308
• 负责人: Qian, Li
• 金额: $ 6.06万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751646
• 关键词: Quantum; communication; based; entanglement; hyper

Entanglement lies at the heart of quantum physics. Quantum entanglement is an essential resource for numerous quantum communication protocols such as quantum teleportation and quantum dense coding, quantum cryptography, as well as quantum-enhanced metrological schemes and quantum computation. Quantum schemes allow for significant gains in performance over their classical counterparts, and commercial implementations utilizing entangled photons are thus likely in the foreseeable future. One key enabling component for quantum photonic technology is the entangled photon sources.  We have developed a unique technology to generate entangled and hyper-entangled photon pairs directly in optical fiber. Our technology is broadly recognized by the quantum photonics community worldwide, and has been commercialized by our Canadian industrial partner, OZ Optics. The commercial entangled photon sources based on our technology have been sold to many research institutions, including NIST, Bell Labs, US ARL, to name a few. Built on our successful demonstration of fibre-based entangled photon sources, we continue the development of more sophisticated entangled photon sources, such as hyper-entangled sources, and we explore quantum communication applications utilizing photonic entanglement and hyper-entanglement. A key challenge to be addressed in quantum communication, in order to achieve a global-scale implementation of quantum-enhanced protocols, such as secure quantum communication and distributed quantum computing, is the distribution of entanglement over long distances. However, noise and interaction with the environment lead to decoherence and the degradation of entanglement. To counteract such detrimental noise effects, entanglement purification was introduced as a powerful tool to distill high-quality entangled states from the polluted low-quality entangled states. We propose a high-efficiency entanglement purification protocol using hyper-entangled photon pairs produced by our unique fibre-based sources. Our approach has a few practical advantages: We can use standard telecom fiber to transmit hyper-entangled photons robustly; and we can achieve high-quality polarization entanglement after purification. Our approach will enable a wide range of quantum communication and computing protocols based on entanglement distribution over practical, noisy channels. To achieve our goal, we request equipment to renew a 20-year-old laser system, which is used as a pump to the fibre-based source to produce entangled photons, and as an integral component in a system to achieve entanglement purification. The equipment is indispensable for us to continue our research in entangled photons and in their applications.

纠缠是量子物理学的核心。量子纠缠是许多量子通信协议的重要资源，例如量子隐形传态和量子密集编码、量子密码学以及量子增强计量方案和量子计算。因此，在可预见的未来，量子光子技术的一个关键支持组件是纠缠光子源。我们的技术得到了全球量子光子学界的广泛认可，并已由我们的加拿大工业合作伙伴 OZ Optics 进行商业化。基于我们技术的商业纠缠光子源已出售给客户。许多研究机构，包括 NIST、贝尔实验室、美国 ARL 等，在我们成功演示基于光纤的纠缠光子源的基础上，我们继续开发更复杂的纠缠光子源，例如超纠缠源，我们利用光子纠缠和超纠缠探索量子通信应用，为了实现量子增强协议（例如安全量子通信和分布式量子计算）的全球规模实施，量子通信中需要解决的一个关键挑战是。然而，噪声和与环境的相互作用会导致退相干和纠缠的退化，为了抵消这种不良噪声的影响，引入了纠缠净化作为从中提取高质量纠缠态的强大工具。我们提出了一种使用由我们独特的基于光纤的源产生的超纠缠光子对的高效纠缠净化协议，我们的方法具有一些实际优势：我们可以使用标准电信光纤来传输超纠缠态。稳健地纠缠光子；并且我们可以在纯化后实现高质量的偏振纠缠。为了实现我们的目标，我们要求基于实际的噪声通道的纠缠分布。更新已有 20 年历史的激光系统，该系统用作光纤源的泵浦以产生纠缠光子，并作为系统中的组成部分来实现纠缠纯化。该设备对于我们继续下去是不可或缺的。我们对纠缠光子及其应用的研究。