In situ electrochemical characterization of bioremediation microbial processes

生物修复微生物过程的原位电化学表征

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04447
• 负责人: Enright, Allison
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751133
• 关键词: situ; electrochemical; characterization; bioremediation; microbial

My research program uses in situ sensor measurements to characterize and monitor microbial processes of environmental significance. Microbial processes control environmental geochemistry everywhere on Earth, and microbes perform critical functions in sequestering and remediating many types of environmental contaminants. Lithotrophic bacteria-those that use inorganic metabolic substrates such as Fe, S, and N-are particularly important in bioremediation, because they drive biogeochemical reactions that can attenuate, transform, or release contaminants such as Mn, As, and Hg. Their importance makes detailed and nuanced understanding of how lithotrophic microbes cycle inorganic metabolic substrates critical to effective bioremediation strategies. This research approach provides previously inaccessible information about the fundamental aspects of geochemical cycling and energy transduction in complex natural microbial communities. Electrodes are often used to monitor microbially-relevant geochemical parameters in environmental systems, including pH, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and concentrations of dissolved ions (i.e., ammonia, hydrogen sulfide). My recent work indicates that, in addition to recording the real-time physicochemical environment, electrodes record previously inaccessible information about ongoing dynamic biogeochemical processes. Electrode time series record real-time microbial mediation of the motion of metabolic substrates. Fractal analysis of these time series shows that time series arising from different geochemical pathways of the same biogeochemical reaction have characteristic, different fractal dimensions. This distinguishes biological and abiotic contributions to ongoing biogeochemical processes. The short-term goals of my research program are to characterize lithotrophic metabolic pathways of bioremediation interest, including Fe- and As-oxidation (acid mine drainage), Mn-oxidation (Fredericton municipal drinking water), and cyanobacterial (photosynthetic) toxin production (microcystin and anatoxin in surface water bodies). This will be accomplished with lab-based microcosm experiments. The long-term goal, building on the study of individual pathways, is the application of these methods to natural (pristine and contaminated) microbial communities. The capability to distinguish and measure biogeochemical reactions simultaneously in situ represents a major innovation on existing efforts to develop low-cost sensor-based environmental monitoring strategies, as well as extending well-established bioelectrical remediation methods to collect more information about the functions of bioremediation microbial communities. Using sensors to obtain process-specific biogeochemical information reduces the need for in-person monitoring of sites, as well as providing better spatially and temporally resolved data to constrain biogeochemical processes.

我的研究计划使用原位传感器测量来表征和监测具有环境意义的微生物过程。微生物过程控制着地球上各地的环境地球化学，微生物在隔离和修复许多类型的环境污染物方面发挥关键功能。岩性萎缩细菌 - 使用无机代谢底物（例如Fe，S和N-）在生物修复中尤为重要，因为它们驱动了可以减弱，转化或释放污染物（如MN）的生物地球化学反应。它们的重要性使得对岩性营养微生物如何循环无机代谢底物对有效生物修复策略至关重要。这种研究方法提供了有关复杂自然微生物群落地球化学循环和能量转导的基本方面的不可访问信息。 电极通常用于监测环境系统中与微生物相关的地球化学参数，包括pH，氧化还原电位，电导率，溶解的氧，温度和溶解离子的浓度（即氨，硫化氢）。我最近的工作表明，除了记录实时物理化学环境外，电极还记录有关正在进行的动态生物地球化学过程的以前无法访问的信息。电极时间序列记录代谢底物运动运动的实时微生物介导。这些时间序列的分形分析表明，由同一生物地球化学反应的不同地球化学途径引起的时间序列具有特征，分形尺寸不同。这区分了对正在进行的生物地球化学过程的生物学和非生物贡献。 我的研究计划的短期目标是表征生物治疗兴趣的岩养代谢途径，包括Fe-和氧化（酸性矿山排水），MN氧化（Fredericton Municipal饮用水）和蓝细菌（光合）（光合）（光合）毒素的产生（地表水体中的微囊蛋白和解剖蛋白）。这将通过基于实验室的缩影实验来完成。建立在单个途径的研究基础上的长期目标是将这些方法应用于自然（原始和受污染）微生物群落。在原位同时区分和测量生物地球化学反应的能力代表了现有的努力，以制定基于低成本的传感器的环境监测策略，并扩展了建立良好的生物电气修复方法，以收集有关生物学微生物功能的更多信息社区。使用传感器获得特定的生物地球化学信息可减少对站点进行人工监控的需求，并提供更好的空间和时间分析数据以限制生物地球化学过程。