Biofiltration and Membrane Technology for Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience in Drinking Water Treatment

用于饮用水处理的气候变化适应和恢复力的生物过滤和膜技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06645
• 负责人: Basu, Onita
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749023
• 关键词: Biofiltration; Membrane; Technology; Climate; Change

The majority of treated drinking water in Canada comes from surface water sources (i.e. rivers, lakes and streams). Surface water sources are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts that have resulted in increased extreme weather events and a general degradation of water quality in boreal climates. These weather events include high precipitation episodes that lead to increased pollutant releases into our surface water sources. Pollutants include increased dissolved and suspended solids, microorganisms, organic and inorganic chemicals and dilute raw sewage sources that mix with rain water. Gastro intestinal outbreaks have been clearly shown to increase after high rainfall precipitation events in both the UK and the US; the same can be expected in Canada. Further, the Actuaries Climate Index demonstrates that extreme weather events in both the US and Canada have increased since approximately 1995, compared to base line data in the 30 years prior, with no sign of abatement (Actuaries Climate Index, 2017). Thus, it is clear that climate change induced extreme weather events will continue into the future. Water treatment plants must be designed and operated in methods that help mitigate unpredictable water quality challenges. Biofiltration and membrane treatment technology are two potential adaptation methods in drinking water treatment to help counter increasingly unpredictable raw water quality challenges. This research program explores the capacity of biofiltration and membrane technology to produce safe drinking water in a resilient, sustainable manner to mitigate and adapt to the challenges of climate change in drinking water while accounting for specific challenges in Canada such as large variations in water temperature. This research program aims to (1) develop novel support media and investigate improved operational protocols to improve organic carbon pollutant removal in biofiltration that improves our resilience to varying water quality conditions at drinking water utilities due to climate change and (2) explore advanced novel cleaning protocols with ceramic and polymeric membranes to ensure long-term, robust operations for water quality treatment. Overall, this research will explore the capacity of biofiltration and membrane systems to produce safe drinking water in a resilient, sustainable manner to mitigate and adapt to the challenges of climate change in drinking water.

加拿大处理过的大多数经过处理的饮用水都来自地表水源（即河流，湖泊和溪流）。地表水源尤其容易受到气候变化影响的影响，这导致极端天气事件增加并普遍降解北方气候中的水质。这些天气事件包括高降水发作，导致污染物释放到我们的地表水源中。污染物包括增加和悬浮的固体，微生物，有机和无机化学物质以及稀释与雨水混合的原始污水源。在英国和美国，大降雨降水事件后，已经清楚地证明了肠胃爆发爆发。在加拿大也可以预期。此外，精算师的气候指数表明，自1995年以来，美国和加拿大的极端天气事件与30年前的基线数据相比，没有减少迹象（精算师气候指数，2017年）。因此，很明显，气候变化引起的极端天气事件将持续到未来。水处理厂必须采用有助于减轻不可预测的水质挑战的方法进行设计和操作。生物过滤和膜处理技术是饮用水处理中的两种潜在适应方法，有助于应对日益不可预测的原始水质挑战。该研究计划探讨了生物过滤和膜技术以韧性，可持续的方式生产安全的饮用水的能力，以减轻和适应饮用水中气候变化的挑战，同时考虑到加拿大的特定挑战，例如水温的巨大变化。该研究计划的目的是（1）开发新颖的支持媒体并研究改进的运营协议，以改善生物过滤中的有机碳污染物去除，从而提高了我们对气候变化造成的饮用水公用事业的不同水质条件的韧性，并且（2）探索先进的新颖新颖的清洁协议，以陶瓷和聚合物膜来确保长期，稳健的水平处理水质的水质。总体而言，这项研究将探讨生物过滤和膜系统以弹性，可持续的方式生产安全饮用水的能力，以减轻和适应饮用水中气候变化的挑战。