Monitoring and modelling water quality under ice affected conditions in rivers

河流受冰影响条件下的水质监测和建模

• 批准号: 566978-2021
• 负责人: Zhang, WenmingW
• 金额: $ 30.26万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749012
• 关键词: Monitoring; modelling; water; quality; under

In Canada and other cold regions, river ice could last for half a year or more. The presence of river ice substantially impacts hydrodynamics and transport and fate of chemicals in rivers, resulting in great implications to river ecosystems and river functions. Understanding and predicting the much less explored water quality during ice-affected stages is equally important as the open-water stage. However, current knowledge is limited, and current models have limited capability for stable ice-cover stage and cannot handle the more complex, dynamic stages (freeze-up and break-up). Climate change and increased anthropogenic activities further complicate this issue, and their impacts need to be assessed for the already sensitive winter river water quality. This research will use field monitoring, lab experiments and numerical simulation to generate new knowledge in the following areas: 1) an improved understanding on the impacts of various river ice stages and forms to river water quality in winter; 2) a novel, comprehensive model/tool that is capable of simultaneously modelling water quality, river ice and hydrodynamics, allowing the feedbacks amongst them to be accounted for; and 3) a science-based, practical guideline for policy makers in protecting and improving water quality in cold region rivers in the context of climate change and anthropogenic activities. This research will have important societal impacts within Canada and abroad. Scientifically, it will expand the current knowledge of river water quality from open-water to the ice seasons. Practically, it will provide an important tool/model and guideline for regulators, policy makers, researchers, consulting firms and industrial users to improve river management in terms of water quality, ice and flow (flooding). This research will also train highly qualified personnel (HQP) of the next generation.

在加拿大等寒冷地区，河冰可能持续半年甚至更长时间。 河冰的存在极大地影响了河流中化学物质的水动力、运输和归宿，从而对河流生态系统和河流功能产生重大影响。 了解和预测受冰影响阶段较少探索的水质与开放水域阶段同样重要。 然而，目前的知识有限，并且当前的模型对于稳定冰盖阶段的能力有限，无法处理更复杂的动态阶段（冻结和破裂）。 气候变化和人类活动的增加使这一问题进一步复杂化，需要评估其对本已敏感的冬季河流水质的影响。 本研究将通过现场监测、实验室实验和数值模拟来产生以下领域的新知识：1）更好地了解冬季不同河流冰期和形式对河流水质的影响； 2) 一种新颖、综合的模型/工具，能够同时对水质、河冰和水动力进行建模，并考虑它们之间的反馈； 3）为政策制定者在气候变化和人类活动背景下保护和改善寒冷地区河流水质提供基于科学的实用指南。这项研究将在加拿大国内外产生重要的社会影响。 从科学上讲，它将扩大目前对河流水质的认识，从开放水域到冰季。 实际上，它将为监管机构、政策制定者、研究人员、咨询公司和工业用户提供重要的工具/模型和指南，以改善水质、冰和流量（洪水）方面的河流管理。这项研究还将培养下一代高素质人才（HQP）。