Improved scalability of silicon quantum computing with ambipolar devices

使用双极器件提高硅量子计算的可扩展性

• 批准号: 580872-2022
• 负责人: Baugh, JonathanJD
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747297
• 关键词: Improved; scalability; silicon; quantum; computing

Quantum computation has the potential to solve certain complex problems more efficiently than classical computation, promising significant advancements in areas such as healthcare, finance, energy, communication and machine learning. Realizing a quantum computer in silicon, building on the conventional semiconductor industry, would provide a compelling pathway to manufacturing scalable, high-density devices at reasonable cost. Quantum bits (qubits) in silicon have been demonstrated using electrons confined to nanoscale structures called quantum dots. The precision of controlling these qubits has increased dramatically over the past decade, with the current state-of-the-art in small systems close to the thresholds needed for fault tolerant quantum computing. While electron qubits can remain coherent for long times, the speed of manipulation can be relatively slow in scalable architectures. Another type of qubit can be realized by the absence of an electron, known as a "hole". Hole qubits in silicon can be manipulated on faster timescales compared to electrons, but typically do not remain coherent as long. Hence, there are trade-offs associated with the choice of qubit. This international collaboration aims to develop a hybrid approach in which both types of qubit can be realized in the same device (ambipolar), and furthermore, information can be exchanged between them. Such ambipolar devices can achieve the "best of both worlds" and will lend additional power and flexibility to the design of large-scale quantum processors. The outcomes of this project will enhance Canadian leadership in the quantum information field and in the development of semiconductor quantum computing platforms.

量子计算具有比经典计算更有效地解决某些复杂问题的潜力，有望在医疗保健，金融，能源，通信和机器学习等领域取得重大进步。在常规半导体行业建立的硅中实现一台量子计算机，将以合理的成本为制造可扩展的高密度设备提供令人信服的途径。已经使用局限于称为量子点的纳米级结构的电子证明了硅中的量子位（Qubits）。在过去的十年中，控制这些量表的精度急剧增加，而当前的小型系统中的当前最新系统接近容差量子计算所需的阈值。尽管电子量子位可以长期保持连贯，但在可扩展体系结构中的操纵速度可能相对较慢。通过没有电子（称为“孔”），可以实现另一种类型的量子。与电子相比，可以在更快的时间尺度上操纵硅的孔量子位，但通常不会保持一致。因此，有与Qubit选择相关的权衡。这种国际合作旨在开发一种混合方法，在该方法中，可以在同一设备（Ambipolar）中实现两种类型的量子，此外，可以在它们之间交换信息。这样的双极设备可以实现“两全其美”，并为大规模量子处理器的设计提供额外的功率和灵活性。该项目的结果将在量子信息领域和半导体量子计算平台的开发中增强加拿大领导力。