Development of novel supercapacitor-battery hybrid systems for renewable energy storage

开发用于可再生能源存储的新型超级电容器-电池混合系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03562
• 负责人: Barz, Dominik
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747113
• 关键词: Development; novel; supercapacitor; battery; hybrid

The energy sector is one of the largest carbon dioxide emitters and the integration of renewable energy into the electrical power generation economy is a promising strategy to reduce carbon emissions. However, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are irregular and do not only vary over short times but also over long periods. Hence, energy from renewables, which is not immediately consumed, must be stored until it is used and supplied when required. Batteries can store and dispense relatively large amounts of energy, but they don't work well at high electrical power rates. In contrast, supercapacitors can handle large power rates but do not store a lot of energy. Hence, both candidates are not ideal to support the integration of renewable sources into the grid. This proposal is concerned with the development of a novel class of hybrids which combine the energy storage mechanisms of supercapacitors and battery. In an ideal demonstration, such a hybrid can store large amounts of energy like a battery and handle high power rates like a supercapacitor. These features make it an ideal energy storage device for the integration of renewable energy sources in the existing electricity grid. We propose the combination of high-surface area electrodes with a non-aqueous electrolyte which allows for the supercapacitor-like operation of the hybrid. The non-aqueous electrolyte also contains a redox species - a chemical agent which can be electrochemically converted - which grants the battery-like mechanisms to the hybrid. The hybrid development is accompanied by investigation of the underlying fundamentals. In detail, we will explore charge and mass transfer in confined geometries as we find them in batteries, supercapacitors and their hybrids. From the derived understanding, we can develop guidelines for design improvements of future devices to make them more efficient. The research also trains nine Highly Qualified Personnel and contributes to Canada's economic future.

能源部门是最大的二氧化碳排放者之一，将可再生能源纳入发电经济是减少碳排放的一项有前途的战略。然而，风能和太阳能等可再生能源是不规则的，不仅在短期内变化，而且在长期内变化。因此，来自可再生能源的能源不会立即消耗，必须储存起来，直到需要时使用和供应为止。电池可以存储和分配相对大量的能量，但它们在高电功率下不能很好地工作。相比之下，超级电容器可以处理大功率，但不能存储大量能量。因此，这两个候选方案都不是支持可再生能源并入电网的理想选择。该提案涉及开发一种结合了超级电容器和电池储能机制的新型混合动力系统。在理想的演示中，这种混合动力系统可以像电池一样存储大量能量，并像超级电容器一样处理高功率。这些特性使其成为现有电网中可再生能源并网的理想储能装置。我们建议将高表面积电极与非水电解质相结合，从而使混合动力系统能够像超级电容器一样运行。非水电解质还含有氧化还原物质（一种可以进行电化学转化的化学试剂），这为混合动力汽车提供了类似电池的机制。 混合开发伴随着对基本原理的研究。具体来说，我们将探索受限几何形状中的电荷和质量传递，就像我们在电池、超级电容器及其混合动力中发现的那样。根据衍生的理解，我们可以制定未来设备设计改进的指南，以提高其效率。该研究还培训了九名高素质人才，为加拿大的经济未来做出了贡献。