In-Depth Study of Feed Internal Molecular Structure and Nutrient Make-up within Cellular and Sub-cellular Dimensions Using Advanced Synchrotron Radiation Based Bioanalytical Techniques

使用先进的同步辐射生物分析技术深入研究细胞和亚细胞维度内的饲料内部分子结构和营养成分

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05101
• 负责人: Yu, Peiqiang
• 金额: $ 3.17万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743524
• 关键词: Depth; Study; Feed; Internal; Molecular

An understanding of relationships between complex feed constituents, molecular structure and the interaction of biological components and nutrient utilization in animals is important to economical and sustainable animal production. Feed utilization and availability are closely related to, NOT ONLY 1) total feed chemical composition, BUT ALSO, 2) feed intrinsic molecular structures and nutrient make-up, and 3) biological component matrix. Unfortunately, conventional "wet" chemical analysis can determine total chemical composition but fails to detect feed intrinsic molecular structures and biological component matrix due to destruction during the processing for chemical analysis. Recently, advanced synchrotron-radiation based infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IMS) has been developed as a non-destructive analytical technique. This technique, taking advantage of the extreme brightness of synchrotron light (million times brighter than sunlight), is able to generate spatially localized and ultra-structural chemical information within cellular and subcellular dimensions. This cutting-edge technique can provide four kinds of information simultaneously: tissue composition, tissue structure, tissue chemistry, and tissue environment. However, this technique has been found mainly for medical research, extremely rare for feed science and animal nutrition research. Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy (SR-X) is another cutting-edge technique. This technique can provide tissue chemical information on spatial distribution, oxidation state and chemical forms of mineral elements and is invaluable in unraveling the chemistry, bioavailability and toxicity of mineral elements. It is unknown whether these techniques can be used to discriminate and classify feed inherent structures and molecular structural changes induced by feed thermal processing methods. It is unknown whether it is possible to develop a diagnostic method for feed quality and nutrient metabolism and utilization prediction by applying knowledge of chemical and functional characteristics in relation to feed molecular spectroscopic characteristics. The objective of this proposed program is to use the advanced synchrotron-radiation based bioanalytical techniques (SR-IMS, SR-X) as a novel research tool to reveal feed inherent molecular structure and processing induced molecular structure changes in relation to nutrient utilization and availability in ruminant system. The final goal is to increase basic knowledge of the nutritional relevance of feed structure on a molecular basis. This research program will be completed in three phases and each phase consists of several experiments. Training highly qualified personal (1 MSc,1 PhD) will be one of high priority in this proposed program. It is anticipated that the proposed program will provide with a greater understanding the feed-animal interface and advance our basic scientific knowledge on interactive association between molecular structure and animal nutrition.

对复杂饲料成分，分子结构以及生物成分和动物营养利用的相互作用之间的关系的理解对于经济和可持续的动物生产至关重要。饲料利用率和可用性不仅与1）总饲料化学成分密切相关，而且还与2）饲料固有的分子结构和营养成分以及3）生物成分基质相关。不幸的是，常规的“湿”化学分析可以确定总化学成分，但由于在加工过程中破坏了化学分析而导致的固有分子结构和生物成分基质。最近，先进的基于基于同步性的红外微光谱镜（SR-IMS）已作为一种非破坏性分析技术开发。这种技术利用了同步子光的极端亮度（比阳光明亮的百万倍）能够在细胞和亚细胞尺寸内生成空间局部和超结构的化学信息。这种尖端技术可以同时提供四种信息：组织组成，组织结构，组织化学和组织环境。但是，这项技术主要用于医学研究，对于饲料科学和动物营养研究极为罕见。同步加速器X射线光谱（SR-X）是另一种尖端技术。该技术可以提供有关矿物元素的空间分布，氧化态和化学形式的组织化学信息，并且在揭示矿物质元素的化学，生物利用度和毒性方面是无价的。尚不清楚这些技术是否可以用来区分和分类饲料固有的结构和由饲料热加工方法引起的分子结构变化。尚不清楚是否可以通过应用与饲料分子光谱特征有关化学和功能特征的知识来开发一种诊断方法来用于饲料质量和营养代谢和利用预测。该提出的程序的目的是使用先进的基于基于同步辐射的生物分析技术（SR-IMS，SR-X）作为一种新型研究工具来揭示饲料固有的分子结构和加工诱导的分子结构在反刍动物系统中与营养利用率和利用关系的关系变化。最终目标是增加对饲料结构的营养相关性的基本知识。该研究计划将分为三个阶段，每个阶段由几个实验组成。培训高素质的个人（1 MSC，1博士学位）将是该建议计划中的重中之重之一。可以预料，该计划将提供更多了解馈电动物界面，并促进我们对分子结构和动物营养之间互动关联的基本科学知识。