Tree-ring anatomy to study two thousand years of climate variability and black spruce adaptations

树木年轮解剖学研究两千多年的气候变化和黑云杉的适应

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03553
• 负责人: Gennaretti, Fabio
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=742613
• 关键词: Tree; ring; anatomy; study; two

Tree-rings are often used to reconstruct past climate and analyze forest ecosystem responses to disturbances and climate change. However, with traditional research methods we do not exploit all the information contained in tree-rings and we risk to obtain biased interpretations. The use of several tree-ring traits simultaneously and of intra-annual resolution analyses, i.e. more than one measurement per each annual growth ring, may on the other hand give us more precise and exhaustive information on climate variability and tree ecophysiology. For this research program, we will measure multiple tree-ring anatomical traits on the samples of a strategic network of tree-ring chronologies spanning the last two millennia and produced with subfossil and living black spruce trees from the Quebec boreal forest. The anatomical traits will be analyzed with intra-annual resolution and will include, for example, the tracheid lumen area, the tracheid wall thickness and the anatomical density. These traits have a specific climatic sensitivity and are directly related to water and thermal constraints that influence tree growth during the growing season. In addition, we will use our anatomical data to improve the ecophysiological modeling of wood biomass accumulation in boreal trees in the context of climate change. This research program has innovative potential because we will develop high throughput systems for anatomical measurements which are currently managed only by very few laboratories in the world. Then, we will significantly improve the climate reconstructions for the Quebec boreal region by using the most promising anatomical traits and by combining them with the tree-ring traits that we have already measured (width, density, stable isotopes of cellulose). Our intra-annual anatomical traits will also allow, for the first time, the reconstruction of past seasonal changes in humidity and temperature and the assessment of their impact on tree functioning in the boreal forest. Finally, we will use new techniques based on the inversion of the developed ecophysiological models to verify if the consideration of tree functional rules modifies the results of dendroclimatic reconstructions obtained with traditional methods. All our data will be made available to other users and will represent a novel reference for climate reconstructions because currently, despite the recognized potential of dendroanatomy, no chronology of anatomical traits covering the last two millennia has yet been developed.

树木通常用于重建过去的气候，并分析森林生态系统对干扰和气候变化的反应。但是，通过传统的研究方法，我们没有利用树木中包含的所有信息，我们有可能获得偏见的解释。另一方面，同时使用几种树环特征和年度内分析分析，即每个年度生长环的测量值以上，可能会给我们提供有关气候变异性和树木生理学的更精确和详尽的信息。对于该研究计划，我们将在跨越最后两千年的树环时间类的战略网络的样本上测量多个树环解剖特征，并用亚物种和从魁北克北方森林产生的黑色云杉树生产。解剖性状将通过年度分辨率进行分析，例如气管腔面积，气管壁厚和解剖学密度。这些特征具有特定的气候敏感性，并且与在生长季节影响树木生长的水和热约束直接相关。此外，在气候变化的背景下，我们将使用我们的解剖学数据来改善北方树中木材生物量积累的生态生理模型。该研究计划具有创新的潜力，因为我们将开发出高通量系统来进行解剖测量，目前仅由世界上很少的实验室管理。然后，我们将通过使用最有前途的解剖性状，并将其与我们已经测量过的树环特性（宽度，密度，稳定的纤维素同位素）结合在一起，从而显着改善魁北克北方地区的气候重建。我们的年度解剖特征也将首次允许重建上季节性的湿度和温度变化，并评估其对北方森林中树木功能的影响。最后，我们将基于开发的生态生理模型的反转使用新技术，以验证对树功能规则的考虑是否修改了使用传统方法获得的树突状况重建的结果。我们所有的数据都将提供给其他用户，并将代表气候重建的新颖参考，因为目前，尽管有公认的树突解剖学潜力，但尚未开发出涵盖最后两千年的解剖特征的年代学。