Development of new hybrid icephobic/superhydrophobic surfaces using encapsulated phase change materials

使用封装相变材料开发新型混合疏冰/超疏水表面

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05118
• 负责人: Momen, Gelareh
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=740403
• 关键词: Development; new; hybrid; icephobic; superhydrophobic

In cold climate regions, such as Canada, the accumulation of frost or ice on various structures is a serious and large-scale problem that affects the safety and operation of exposed systems. These systems include transmission networks for communications and electrical energy, wind turbines, aircraft, rockets containing satellites, hulls of ships, motorways, as well as open-ocean offshore structures. For example, ice accumulation on transmission lines can lead to the failure of critical electrical and telecommunication systems. Ice accumulation on aircraft surfaces can reduce the efficiency of airplane and helicopter engines by half as well as  aerodynamics, thereby,  leading to potentially fatal accidents. Progress made in the field of material science and recent research related to ice adhesion have together renewed interest in the development of icephobic materials that avoid the disadvantages of traditional methods of mechanical and thermal de-icing. The development of durable icephobic coatings, however, requires a much greater understanding of the phenomena of ice formation and adhesion. The applicant is particularly interested in the development of icephobic/superhydrophobic surfaces using encapsulated phase change materials (PCMs). Incorporating PCMs is a novel hybrid approach for enhancing the anti-icing properties of a surface. PCMs are organic, inorganic, or eutectic materials that produce a considerable amount of energy during their phase transformation, thereby preventing ice accumulation and adhesion on these materials. Successful development and use of PCM surfaces requires critical, yet still limited, knowledge in regard to the optimal amount of PCMs necessary for minimum ice adhesion, the ideal design of the structured PCM surfaces to maximize the delay of ice formation and minimize ice adhesion, and the factors necessary to ensure the stability and mechanical robustness of these novel surfaces. As these icephobic surfaces are for use on exposed structures in cold environments, these developed surfaces must be tested under harsh environmental conditions, such as exposure to extremely cold temperatures and wind-driven impacts from frozen precipitation. The undertaking of such a study is ambitious, yet the project goal is obtainable, and there is extraordinary potential for a greater understanding of the range of phenomena acting on ice adhesion mechanisms and the development of icephobic/superhydrophobic phase change material surfaces. This research program will involve four graduate and several undergraduate students who will be trained and prepared for successful careers in industry or academia within the field of material and chemical science.

在加拿大等寒冷气候地区，各种结构上的霜或冰积聚是一个严重且大规模的问题，影响暴露系统的安全和运行，这些系统包括通信和电能传输网络、风力涡轮机、例如，飞机、卫星火箭、船体、高速公路以及公海近海结构，输电线路上的积冰可能会导致关键电气和电信系统故障。飞机表面的积冰会降低效率。飞机和直升机发动机的一半材料科学领域取得的进展以及与冰粘附相关的最新研究共同引起了人们对开发疏冰材料的兴趣，这种材料可以避免传统机械和热去除方法的缺点。然而，耐用的疏冰涂层的开发需要对冰的形成和粘附现象有更多的了解。申请人对使用封装的相变材料开发疏冰/超疏水表面特别感兴趣。相变材料（PCM）是一种增强表面防冰性能的新型混合方法，相变材料是有机、无机或共晶材料，在相变过程中产生大量能量，从而防止冰积聚和粘附。这些材料的成功开发和使用需要关于最小化冰粘附所需的最佳相变材料数量的关键但仍然有限的知识，以及结构化相变材料表面的理想设计以最大限度地延迟冰的附着。由于这些疏冰表面用于寒冷环境中的暴露结构，因此这些开发的表面必须在恶劣的环境条件下进行测试，例如冰的形成和最大限度地减少冰的粘附，以及确保这些新型表面的稳定性和机械坚固性所需的因素。进行这样的研究是雄心勃勃的，但该项目的目标是可以实现的，并且对于更好地了解作用于冰粘附机制和作用的一系列现象具有非凡的潜力。疏冰/超疏水相的发展该研究项目将涉及四名研究生和几名本科生，他们将接受培训并为在材料和化学科学领域的工业或学术界的成功职业生涯做好准备。