Compound word processing: Orthographic, Morphological, Semantic, and Conceptual Effects

复合文字处理：拼写、形态、语义和概念效果

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04456
• 负责人: Spalding, Thomas
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739964
• 关键词: Compound; word; processing; Orthographic; Morphological

Cognitive productivity, the ability to combine known concepts and words into new meanings and linguistic constructions, is one of the most important human abilities. The ultimate goal of my research is to better understand the conceptual and language systems, and how these systems lead to human productivity. My focus has been on compound words (e.g., snowball, hogwash) and modifier-noun phrases (e.g., snow bucket, hog barn). These small linguistic constructions provide an important test case for understanding processes and sources of information from the language and conceptual systems because they involve the construction of new meanings from the constituent morphemes/words. My work has examined how compound word processing relates to modifier-noun phrase processing, and has demonstrated that compound word processing, like modifier-noun phrase processing, involves an obligatory attempt at creating a productive meaning based on the constituents of the compound word, even when it is not appropriate and has a processing cost. Critically, compound word meanings are not simply activated or retrieved by the lexical system. Attempts at meaning construction require that the constituents be identified in the compound word and therefore it is critical to know how morphological and semantic information interact with orthographic (e.g., letter identification) sources of information in compound word processing. Similarly, meaning creation involves coordinating different conceptual representations, so the role of conceptual processes is critical, and rarely studied in compound word research, outside my research program. The proposed research program builds on my previous research investigating how morphological and semantic information impact compound word processing and allow meaning construction attempts. I will investigate the roles of orthography and conceptual information, and their relation to semantic and morphological information, in compound word processing. The general approach is to compare compound words with different semantic or conceptual characteristics, or to compare compound words with non-compounds, such as pseudo-compounds (words that only look like compounds, e.g., carpet), which allows me to investigate the information sources and their interactions. These comparisons will be examined across various tasks that focus on word access, word production, or orthographic judgments, allowing me to investigate different aspects of processing. This work will ultimately lead to a full theory of compound word processing, incorporating sources of information from orthographic processes, through morphology and semantics, to conceptual processes. Understanding productivity, even in these smallest linguistic constructions, is dauntingly complex and difficult. However, this work will greatly extend what is known about productive meaning construction, and about how such constructions continue to influence the language and conceptual systems.

认知生产力，将已知概念和单词结合到新含义和语言结构中的能力是人类最重要的能力之一。我的研究的最终目标是更好地了解概念和语言系统，以及这些系统如何提高人类生产力。我的重点是复合词（例如，雪球，霍格什）和修饰语名词短语（例如，雪桶，猪谷仓）。这些小型的语言结构为了解语言和概念系统的信息来源提供了重要的测试案例，因为它们涉及从组成部分/单词中构建新含义。我的工作已经检查了复合文字处理与修饰语 - 通用短语处理的关系，并证明复合文字处理（如修饰语 - 名称短语处理）涉及强制性尝试基于复合词的成分，即使当它不合适并且有处理成本时。至关重要的是，词汇系统不简单地激活或检索复合词含义。含义构造的尝试要求在复合词中识别成分，因此了解形态和语义信息如何与复合文字处理中信息源（例如字母识别）之间的形态和语义信息相互作用。同样，含义创建涉及协调不同的概念表示，因此概念过程的作用至关重要，在我的研究计划之外，很少在复合单词研究中研究。拟议的研究计划是基于我以前的研究，研究了形态和语义信息如何影响复合文字处理并允许施工尝试。我将在复合文字处理中研究拼字法和概念信息的作用及其与语义和形态信息的关系。一般方法是将复合单词与不同的语义或概念特征进行比较，或将复合单词与非化合物进行比较，例如伪化合物（仅看起来像化合物的单词，例如地毯），这使我可以研究信息来源及其互动。这些比较将在侧重于单词访问，单词生产或拼字法判断的各种任务中进行检查，从而使我能够研究处理的不同方面。这项工作最终将导致复合文字处理的完整理论，并通过形态学和语义以及概念过程结合了拼字过程的信息来源。即使在这些最小的语言结构中，了解生产力也是艰巨而困难的。但是，这项工作将大大扩展有关生产意义构建的已知内容，以及这些结构如何继续影响语言和概念系统。