New Functional Materials via Self-Assembly and Catalysis

自组装和催化的新型功能材料

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04175
• 负责人: Manners, Ian
• 金额: $ 10.05万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737462
• 关键词: New; Functional; Materials; via; Self

The proposal entitled "New Functional Materials via Self-Assembly and Catalysis" will cover two distinct areas of research in our group that have the potential to give rise to both impactful new fundamental science and also novel self-assembled and polymeric materials with useful properties and potential applications of societal relevance. 1) Self-Assembly A key current synthetic challenge involves the creation of uniform and functional polymer-based 1D fiber-like and 2D platelet particles that exist on a length-scale of nanometers to microns for various applications. In this proposal we outline a program to tackle this issue by exploiting, and addressing key challenges associated with, the living crystallization-driven self-assembly platform. Using this solution processing seeded-growth approach, amphiphilic block copolymers with crystallizable pi-conjugated blocks and related amphiphiles will be used to predictably construct 1D and 2D electroactive particles with controlled dimensions and spatially-defined chemistries. Our results published earlier this year for 1D conjugated polyfluorene-based particles created by living crystallization-driven self-assembly indicate that the hole-electron pairs or "excitons" formed by light-absorption are able to diffuse over the large distances needed (> 200 nm) to allow the creation of light-harvesting films of sufficient thickness to absorb virtually all of the incident light. This diffusion length is an order of magnitude larger than that normally found for conjugated polymers. The results indicate that particles created by living crystallization-driven self-assembly have potential applications in, for example, light-harvesting optoelectronic devices such as solar cells with improved efficiency and we aim to explore this exciting possibility. 2) Catalysis Over the past century the development of transition metal-catalyzed reactions has revolutionized the synthesis of organic molecules and polymers. In striking contrast, the synthetic methods used to create catenated structures based on main group elements are still limited. Our group has been at the forefront of the development of catalytic routes to bonds between p-block elements to facilitate the creation of improved routes to main group molecules and materials. In this proposal we target novel main group polymers based on phosphorus and other p-block elements with a range of potential applications which will become clear once their properties have been fully delineated. For example, with the phase-out of halogenated flame retardants, the development of new flame-retardant materials is pertinent and the new phosphorus-based p-block materials targeted may be particularly promising from this perspective. The proposed research aims to be at the leading edge of chemical and materials science internationally. The ultimate possibility of new commercially important products is realistic, and an excellent and broad training for young scientists is anticipated.

题为“通过自组装和催化实现新功能材料”的提案将涵盖我们小组的两个不同的研究领域，这两个领域有可能产生有影响力的新基础科学以及具有有用特性和性能的新型自组装和聚合材料。社会相关性的潜在应用。 1）自组装当前的一个关键合成挑战涉及创建均匀且功能性的基于聚合物的一维纤维状和二维片状颗粒，这些颗粒存在于纳米到微米的长度范围内，用于各种应用。在本提案中，我们概述了一个通过利用和解决与活结晶驱动的自组装平台相关的关键挑战来解决这个问题的计划。使用这种溶液处理种子生长方法，具有可结晶π共轭嵌段和相关两亲物的两亲性嵌段共聚物将用于可预测地构建具有受控尺寸和空间定义化学性质的一维和二维电活性颗粒。我们今年早些时候发表的关于通过活结晶驱动的自组装产生的一维共轭聚芴基颗粒的结果表明，通过光吸收形成的空穴电子对或“激子”能够扩散所需的长距离（> 200 nm），以允许创建足够厚度的光捕获薄膜来吸收几乎所有的入射光。该扩散长度比共轭聚合物通常发现的扩散长度大一个数量级。结果表明，由活体结晶驱动的自组装产生的粒子在例如效率提高的太阳能电池等光捕获光电器件中具有潜在的应用，我们的目标是探索这种令人兴奋的可能性。 2）催化 在过去的一个世纪里，过渡金属催化反应的发展彻底改变了有机分子和聚合物的合成。与此形成鲜明对比的是，用于创建基于主族元素的链状结构的合成方法仍然有限。我们的团队一直处于 p 区元素间键合催化路线开发的前沿，以促进主族分子和材料的改进路线的创建。在本提案中，我们的目标是基于磷和其他 p 区元素的新型主族聚合物，其具有一系列潜在应用，一旦它们的特性得到充分描述，这些应用就会变得清晰。例如，随着卤代阻燃剂的逐步淘汰，新型阻燃材料的开发是相关的，从这个角度来看，新型磷基p嵌段材料可能特别有前途。拟议的研究旨在处于国际化学和材料科学的前沿。具有重要商业意义的新产品的最终可能性是现实的，并且预计对年轻科学家进行优秀和广泛的培训。