Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling Aerosol Removal in a Strongly Condensing Environment

计算流体动力学模拟强冷凝环境中的气溶胶去除

• 批准号: 561213-2020
• 负责人: Ormiston, Scott
• 金额: $ 1.9万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=723701
• 关键词: Computational; Fluid; Dynamics; Modelling; Aerosol

A small modular reactor (SMR) has been identified as an attractive source of low-carbon clean energy that can help to meet Canada's climate change goals. Canada can become a leader in the development and deployment of SMRs because of its well-developed nuclear science and technology sector. The safe design of SMRs relies on an innovative passive cooling system for postulated accident scenarios. The design of this new cooling system is different from previous reactors because of the smaller scale and design of the SMR compared to CANDU reactors. There is an inadequate understanding, however, of the accident-scenario operation of the passive cooling system with respect to strong condensation and aerosol deposition. Strong condensation and the transport of aerosol particles by changes in the temperature and air concentration are expected to be more important in the SMR than in previous reactor designs. Incorrect treatment of those phenomena in a safety analysis could lead to designs that don't retain fission products as needed in an accident scenario.To address the need for a tool to model those phenomena in a safety analysis, this project will use commercial software to develop and test a computational fluid dynamics model of the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and aerosol transport in a containment-type chamber. The model will be a three-dimensional flow computation of steam and air with aerosol particles including condensation on a vertical wall. The model results will be compared with experiments being conducted this year at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL) in Chalk River, Ontario.The new model will provide an important new software tool for SMR safety analysis and will enable CNL to support the development of SMRs. Success for Canada in this high-tech area will lead to jobs and intellectual property as well as being able to deliver on climate change commitments.

小型模块化反应堆（SMR）已被认为是一种有吸引力的低碳清洁能源来源，有助于实现加拿大的气候变化目标。加拿大因其发达的核科学技术领域而能够成为中小型反应堆开发和部署的领导者。 SMR 的安全设计依赖于针对假定事故场景的创新型被动冷却系统。这种新型冷却系统的设计与以前的反应堆不同，因为与 CANDU 反应堆相比，SMR 的规模和设计都较小。然而，人们对被动冷却系统在强冷凝和气溶胶沉积方面的事故场景操作了解不够。与之前的反应堆设计相比，在 SMR 中，由于温度和空气浓度的变化而产生的强烈冷凝和气溶胶颗粒的传输预计更为重要。在安全分析中对这些现象的不正确处理可能会导致设计无法在事故场景中保留所需的裂变产物。为了满足在安全分析中对这些现象进行建模的工具的需求，该项目将使用商业软件来开发并测试密闭室中流体流动、传热传质以及气溶胶输送的计算流体动力学模型。该模型将是蒸汽和空气与气溶胶颗粒（包括垂直壁上的凝结）的三维流动计算。该模型结果将与今年在安大略省乔克河的加拿大核实验室（CNL）进行的实验进行比较。新模型将为SMR安全分析提供重要的新软件工具，并使CNL能够支持SMR的开发。加拿大在这一高科技领域的成功将带来就业和知识产权，并能够兑现气候变化承诺。