Properties and Dynamics of Flocculated, Granular and Fixed Film Microbial Structures in Wastewater Treatment Systems

废水处理系统中絮凝、颗粒和固定膜微生物结构的特性和动态

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07224
• 负责人: Liss, Steven
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718607
• 关键词: Properties; Dynamics; Flocculated; Granular; Fixed

The future of water/wastewater infrastructure must evolve innovatively in response to pressures (e.g. climate change, water quality deterioration, energy/resource costs, inadequate approaches to supporting isolated and remote communities, and urbanization) on legacy systems, and inadequate or ageing infrastructure, as well as opportunities created by the circular economy. The proposed research presents a new perspective to describing, managing and harnessing the properties of biomass within biological wastewater treatment systems. This is important to the changing requirements for effluent treatment, modification and development of new biological treatment systems, migration from large--scale to distributed systems that occupy smaller footprints, and to advance emerging and sustainable technologies. Motivation for the proposed research arises from four emerging insights and developments in our laboratory: (i) A spectrum of microbial structures including floc, granular sludge, granules and fixed-films that can dynamically co-exist and interact in a single stable system, rather than a set of discrete microbial structures; (ii) Aerobic granule systems are not necessarily homogeneous suspensions, and a proportion of the biomass consists of flocculated forms and a range of granular structures representing a yet undefined set of hybrid systems; (iii) Recent observations of rapid granulation in integrated fixed--film sequencing batch reactors and interactions between aerobic granules and fixed-films warrants further study; and, (iv) Unique configurations and microbial interactions in wastewater treatment systems present conditions that contribute to emergence of antimicrobial resistance and mobility of antimicrobial resistance genes in the environment. Our approach employs laboratory-- and pilot--scale bioreactors and examination of fundamental aspects of microbial structures and properties under well--controlled conditions. This includes a recently established novel laboratory--scale continuous flow system designed with features to achieve granulation. Novel methods and advanced tools to further develop insights on the role of extracellular polymers in the properties and behavior of microbial structures in engineered systems. Details of the microbial communities and interactions will involve a combination of molecular based approaches to describe the community composition and dynamics, and the relationship between structural features and microbial interactions. At the core of the research program is training and the development of talent. Our platform includes advanced tools and novel methods that have proven valuable to young trainees and investigators (engineers and scientists) working on environmental problems and at the interface of biology and engineering. Training opportunities will be further enhanced through participation in the NSERC supported CREATE-program - LEaders in wAter anD watERshed Sustainability (the LEADERS).

水/废水基础设施的未来必须创新发展，以应对遗留系统的压力（例如气候变化、水质恶化、能源/资源成本、支持偏远社区的方法不充分以及城市化）以及基础设施不足或老化，以及循环经济创造的机遇。 拟议的研究为描述、管理和利用生物废水处理系统中生物质的特性提供了一个新的视角。这对于不断变化的废水处理要求、新生物处理系统的改造和开发、从大规模系统向占用空间较小的分布式系统的迁移以及推进新兴和可持续技术非常重要。 拟议研究的动机源于我们实验室的四个新兴见解和发展：（i）一系列微生物结构，包括絮凝物、颗粒污泥、颗粒和固定膜，它们可以在一个稳定的系统中动态共存和相互作用，而不是而不是一组离散的微生物结构； (ii) 好氧颗粒系统不一定是均质悬浮液，一部分生物质由絮凝形式和代表一组尚未定义的混合系统的一系列颗粒结构组成； (iii) 最近对集成固定膜序批式反应器中快速造粒的观察以及好氧颗粒与固定膜之间的相互作用值得进一步研究； (iv) 废水处理系统中独特的结构和微生物相互作用创造了有助于抗菌素耐药性的出现和抗菌素耐药性基因在环境中流动的条件。 我们的方法采用实验室和中试规模的生物反应器，并在良好控制的条件下检查微生物结构和特性的基本方面。这包括最近建立的新型实验室规模连续流动系统，其设计具有实现造粒的功能。新颖的方法和先进的工具可进一步深入了解细胞外聚合物在工程系统中微生物结构的特性和行为中的作用。微生物群落和相互作用的细节将涉及基于分子的方法的组合来描述群落的组成和动态，以及结构特征和微生物相互作用之间的关系。 研究计划的核心是人才的培训和发展。我们的平台包括先进的工具和新颖的方法，事实证明，这些工具和方法对于研究环境问题以及生物学和工程学交叉领域的年轻学员和研究人员（工程师和科学家）很有价值。通过参与 NSERC 支持的 CREATE 计划 - 水和流域可持续发展领导者（领导者），将进一步增加培训机会。