Powder X-ray Diffraction for Geosciences and Innovative Materials

用于地球科学和创新材料的粉末 X 射线衍射

• 批准号: RTI-2021-00812
• 负责人: Hemmer, Eva
• 金额: $ 10.93万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718074
• 关键词: Powder; ray; Diffraction; Geosciences; Innovative

Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) is a powerful and indispensable analytical tool in modern materials and geosciences. It allows to establish structure-property relationship needed to design next-generation materials, is key to unlock solutions to waste management in mining, understand environmental contaminant cycling, access engineering properties of soil, and for advanced building applications. The uOttawa X-ray Core Facility houses a - Ultima IV system with a Cu source, diffracted-beam monochromator and scintillation detector. Yet, this configuration prevents progress for the applicants' research programs. Hence, this proposal aims to equip the system with a fast silicon-strip detector (Rigaku D/teX Ultra) and a temperature-controlled sample chamber (Rigaku SHT1500). The applicants urgently need these components to support specific aspects of their research and HQP training: 1. Hemmer's research focuses on the design of next-generation optical and magnetic rare-earth-based materials including chemically-controlled synthesis and establishment of structure-property relationships. The D/teX Ultra's low detection limits are needed to detect and identify secondary phases and to correlate crystal structure with material performance. 2. Al's research aims to prevent contamination of natural waters by transforming soluble As2O3 mine waste to low solubility compounds. PXRD must be conducted with low detection limits and rapid acquisition times to identify the products and quantify the reaction kinetics, enabled with the D/teX Ultra and the SHT1500 chamber. 3. Fortin studies the properties of natural ferrihydrite and how it affects environmental contaminant cycling. Natural ferrihydrite contains impurities. To unveil the effect of these impurities on contaminant cycling, XRD analyses must be conducted with the mineral in the natural hydrated state and at temperatures that simulate seasonal variations. The ultra-sensitive detector and the inert chamber will make this possible. 4. Vanapalli seeks to understand how Microbially- and Bacterial-Enzyme-Induced Calcite Precipitation can be used to improve the strength of soils and to develop erosion control measures. The D/teX Ultra's low detection limits are critical to the success of this research. 5. Foruzanmehr's research focuses on the modification of cellulosic materials for advanced building applications. Finding the crystallinity index of semi-crystalline materials is a key indicator for the degradation of natural fibers in these materials. Without the D/tex detector and SHT1500 chamber, index values are imprecise and erroneous, making the equipment an urgent need. Moreover, transforming the existing into a state-of-the-art PXRD will benefit the entire user community at uOttawa by expanding capabilities and increasing sample throughput.

粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）是现代材料和地球科学中强大且不可或缺的分析工具。它允许建立设计下一代材料所需的结构 - 秘密关系，这是解锁采矿中废物管理的关键，了解环境污染物循环，土壤的访问工程特性以及高级建筑应用。 Uottawa X射线核心设施具有Cu源，衍射梁单色仪和闪烁检测器的Ultima IV系统。但是，这种配置阻止了申请人的研究计划的进展。因此，该建议旨在为系统配备快速的硅条探测器（Rigaku d/tex Ultra）和温度控制的样品室（Rigaku SHT1500）。申请人迫切需要这些组件来支持其研究和HQP培训的特定方面： 1。Hemmer的研究重点是下一代光学和磁性稀土材料的设计，包括化学控制的合成和结构 - 培训关系的建立。需要D/Tex Ultra的低检测极限来检测和识别次级阶段并将晶体结构与材料性能相关联。 2。Al的研究旨在通过将可溶性AS2O3矿物废物转化为低溶解度化合物来防止自然水污染。必须在较低的检测极限和快速获取时间进行PXRD，以识别产物并量化反应动力学，并使用D/TEX Ultra和SHT1500室启用。 3. Fortin研究了天然铁水的特性及其如何影响环境污染物循环。天然的铁水含有杂质。为了揭示这些杂质对污染物循环的影响，必须在自然水合状态和模拟季节性变化的温度下对矿物进行XRD分析。超敏感的检测器和惰性腔将使这成为可能。 4。Vanapalli试图了解微生物和细菌 - 酶诱导的方解石沉淀如何用于改善土壤强度并制定侵蚀控制措施。 D/TEX Ultra的低检测限对于这项研究的成功至关重要。 5。Foruzanmehr的研究重点是用于高级建筑应用的纤维素材料的修饰。找到半晶材料的结晶度指数是这些材料中天然纤维降解的关键指标。没有D/TEX检测器和SHT1500室，指数值是不精确和错误的，因此设备迫切需要。 此外，将现有的人转换为最先进的PXRD将通过扩展功能和增加样本吞吐量来使乌塔瓦的整个用户社区受益。