The role of climate-driven factors on carbon and phosphorus sequestrations in lake sediments and soils

气候驱动因素对湖泊沉积物和土壤中碳和磷固存的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06184
• 负责人: Dittrich, Maria
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718063
• 关键词: role; climate; driven; factors; carbon

The past decade has witnessed a dramatic increase in the recognition of the role of inland waters in the global carbon (C) cycle. Since in inland waters a large amount of carbon is sequestered in sediments or emitted to the atmosphere, only half from the total C transported over the terrestrial ecosystem reaches the oceans. The long-term C sinks in lake and river sediments have rarely been assessed due to the complexity of measurements and the difficulty of extrapolating results from one system to another. Even though the terrestrial-aquatic continuum is one of the key uncertainties in global and local C and phosphorus (P) balance, neither a speciation of C nor P loadings from catchments have been estimated so far. Carbon and phosphorus speciation trigger the portions of the total C and P that will remain in the sediments. Over centuries accumulated P legacy in soils is a hidden pool entering our watersheds and ending up in lakes, impacting the C and P cycles during decades and perhaps even longer. Thus, it is imperative to remediate the P legacy in watersheds and contribute to a circular P economy, an economy that is designing out waste and pollution, keeping materials in use and regenerating natural systems. The long-term goals of my program are to understand and identify potential C sources and sinks in the terrestrial-aquatic continuum, to estimate P legacy in the terrestrial-aquatic continuum, and to elucidate and develop techniques for C sequestration and a circular P economy. This proposal focuses on multidisciplinary research of C and P sequestration along the terrestrial-aquatic continuum and has the following short-term objectives: O1: To examine the impact of climate-driven factors such as air temperature, precipitation and ice cover on C and P burial fluxes in lake sediments. O2: To estimate a speciation of C and P loadings from watersheds under extreme weather events. O3: To elucidate legacy P release from soils and to develop a sustainable bioremediation technique to capture and re-use P. I will combine field and laboratory experiments and modeling studies to obtain insight into biogeochemical processes ranging from the molecular to complex environmental system scales. The anticipated findings of the changes in C and P sequestration in lake sediments due to the dynamics of climate-driven factors, such as warming and the frequencies of extreme events, will contribute to closing the fundamental knowledge gap in the field of C and P biogeochemistry and offer missing data for the global modeling. The results will provide an enhanced insight into the consequences that these processes have on management strategies for the improvement of water quality. Importantly, our expected results will foster the development of new technology for C sequestration and P remediation in a current time of P mineral resource scarcity. This research will strengthen Canada's ability in the area of watershed and freshwater ecosystem management.

在过去的十年中，人们认识到内陆水域在全球碳（C）周期中的作用急剧增加。由于在内陆水域中，大量的碳被隔离在沉积物中或发射到大气中，仅在陆地生态系统上运输的总C到达海洋。由于测量的复杂性以及从一个系统到另一个系统的外推结果的难度，很少评估湖泊和河流沉积物中的长期C下沉。尽管陆地水流连续体是全球和局部C和磷（P）平衡中的主要不确定性之一，但迄今为止，C载有C和P负载的物种均未估计到目前为止。碳和磷的物种形成触发将保留在沉积物中的总C和P的部分。数百年来，土壤中积累的P遗产是一个隐藏的池，进入了我们的流域，最终进入湖泊，影响了数十年甚至更长的C和P循环。因此，必须对流域中的P传统进行补救，并为循环p经济做出贡献，这种经济正在设计废物和污染，保持材料使用并再生自然系统。 我计划的长期目标是了解和识别潜在的C来源和底层延期连续体中的潜在C来源和沉没，以估算陆地水平连续体中的P遗产，并阐明和开发C隔离和循环P经济的技术。 该提案重点介绍了沿着陆地和p的连续体的C和P隔离的多学科研究，并具有以下短期目标： O1：检查气候驱动因素（例如气温，降水和冰盖）对湖泊沉积物中C和P埋葬通量的影响。 O2：在极端天气事件下估算流域的C和P负载的形成。 O3：阐明从土壤中释放遗产P并开发一种可持续的生物修复技术来捕获和重复使用P。 我将结合现场和实验室实验和建模研究，以了解从分子到复杂环境系统量表等生物地球化学过程的见解。由于气候驱动因素的动态（例如变暖和极端事件的频率），C和P隔离变化的预期发现将有助于缩小C和P Biogeochemistry领域的基本知识差距并为全球建模提供缺失的数据。结果将增强对这些过程对改善水质的管理策略的后果的了解。重要的是，我们的预期结果将在当前的P矿产资源稀缺时间内促进用于C隔离和P修复的新技术。这项研究将增强加拿大在流域和淡水生态系统管理领域的能力。