Corrosion in biomass/fossil fuel co-processing: fundamentals and mitigation practice

生物质/化石燃料协同处理中的腐蚀：基础知识和缓解实践

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04391
• 负责人: Liu, Jing
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717007
• 关键词: Corrosion; biomass; fossil; fuel; co

At present, more than 80% of all energy and 90% of all organic chemicals are derived from finite fossil fuel resources. The emerging co-processing of biomass with fossil fuels has been growing to make use of renewable biomass as a fuel source. Since co-processing is still in the research stage, leveraging existing refinery infrastructure is an attractive initial option. The benefits of co-processing for a refinery include reducing the associated greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, enabling the gradual independence from fossil sources, and rendering low-carbon-highly-sustainable fuels. All these benefits are directly related to the economic values to Canada. In response to the carbon taxes, GHG emissions are increasingly monitored and priced. The competitiveness of the refinery sector can be affected by its level of GHG emissions. On the other hand, crude oil purchasing today represents over 90% of the cost structure of a refinery and is therefore a major area for achieving profitability and reducing costs. In the meantime, the biomass co-processing technologies are facing severe challenges. Of particular note is that biomass sources have high acidity and high concentrations of organic oxygenates, which can result in increased corrosion issues. While adding a small percentage of renewable feedstock to the operations of refinery units sounds simple, there must be a limit to the ratio of biofuels mixed with fossil fuels. One should consider possible corrosion risks directly affected by this limit to metallic structures from the existing refineries which have been built and used for decades. That is, what are the optimum mixture ratios of certain biomass sources for acceptable corrosion rates? Beyond what is acceptable, what could we do to protect these existing structures? Exploring innovative coatings could be an effective solution as protection of metals against corrosion and oxidation by surface modification is a key technology for many industrial fields such as waste treatment. Detailed studies of corrosion, using modern surface analysis and electrochemical techniques, have explored the degree of corrosion risk to a variety of engineering alloys in waste-to-energy industries. This proposal will discuss a program to discover the corrosion mechanisms in the emerging fossil fuels/biomass co-processing technologies, and to identify new coatings and/or surface modification methods that will reduce corrosion and preserve safety and profitability. A long-term goal is to design a pilot/prototype facility to process a mixture of biomass and fossil fuel, so that questions, such as, what construction materials are economically suitable and reliable for new co-processing refinery units? By answering this question, this program will explain how corrosion and surface modification studies could revolutionize the biomass co-processing industry.

目前，所有能源的80％以上，所有有机化学品的90％来自有限的化石燃料资源。生物质与化石燃料的新兴共同处理已越来越多，以利用可再生生物量作为燃料来源。由于共同处理仍处于研究阶段，因此利用现有的炼油厂基础设施是一个有吸引力的初始选择。共同加工的炼油厂的好处包括减少相关的温室气体（GHG）排放，从而使逐渐脱离化石来源独立，并使低碳高的燃料富含燃料。所有这些好处与加拿大的经济价值直接相关。为了响应碳税，温室气体排放量越来越受到监控和定价。炼油厂部门的竞争力可能会受到其温室气体排放水平的影响。另一方面，今天的原油购买占炼油厂成本结构的90％以上，因此是实现盈利能力和降低成本的主要领域。 同时，生物质协调技术面临着严重的挑战。尤其要注意的是，生物质源具有高酸度和高浓度的有机氧合物，这可能导致腐蚀问题增加。同时，在炼油厂单元的操作中添加一小部分可再生原料听起来很简单，但必须限制与化石燃料混合的生物燃料之比。应该考虑直接影响该限制对现有炼油厂的金属结构直接影响的可能的腐蚀风险，这些炼油厂已经建造和使用了数十年。也就是说，对于可接受的腐蚀速率，某些生物质源的最佳混合比率是多少？除了可以接受的东西之外，我们该怎么做才能保护这些现有的结构？探索创新涂层可能是一个有效的解决方案，因为对金属免受腐蚀和表面修饰的氧化是许多工业领域（例如废物处理）的关键技术。 使用现代表面分析和电化学技术的腐蚀的详细研究探索了对废物到能量产业中各种工程合金的腐蚀风险程度。该建议将讨论一个计划，以发现新兴的化石燃料/生物质协调技术中的腐蚀机制，并确定新的涂料和/或表面修饰方法，以减少腐蚀并保持安全性和盈利能力。一个长期的目标是设计试验/原型设施来处理生物质和化石燃料的混合物，以便诸如哪些建筑材料在经济上适合新的合作炼油厂单元等问题？通过回答这个问题，该计划将解释腐蚀和表面修饰研究如何彻底改变生物质的共同处理。