Biomedical Signal Sensing and Analysis

生物医学信号传感与分析

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04628
• 负责人: Krishnan, Sridhar
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=716649
• 关键词: Biomedical; Signal; Sensing; Analysis

Wired and wireless sensors for biomedical signal acquisition have become ubiquitous for long-term health monitoring and tele-health applications. Biomedical signal analysis which combines the aspects of signal processing and machine learning is becoming an area of importance, both for hospital-based instrumentation and for home-based medical devices. While biomedical instrumentation has improved over the years and is commonly used in health care and research, two main challenges still persist: 1) robust analysis and interpretation of the signals that are acquired, and 2) power requirements of the devices. The current biomedical devices consume large amount of power, and eventually become inefficient and non-compliance especially in long term health monitoring using wearable devices. One of the main reasons for this has been the inefficient use and design of biomedical signal processing algorithms right from signal acquisition to analysis, and decision making. In the proposed research, compressive sensing (CS) technique in which redundancy and sparsity characteristics associated with a biomedical signal are systematically exploited, will be used in designing low-power and robust data acquisition system. A new direction of using CS for analysis and interpretation of the signals will be pursued. The proposed joint compressive sensing and analysis (CSA) framework will look into information theory and optimization methods that are specifically adapted for biomedical signals to handle the variability (due to non-stationarity and non-linearity) of the signals, the inter-relationships and interactions exhibited among physiological systems, and the domain-specific physiological artifacts and interferences. The performance measures of these newly developed CSA techniques will help in improving the power and bandwidth requirements of biomedical sensors used in long term monitoring applications, and will provide robust and efficient extraction of salient features from the signals for improved decision making in healthcare. The applications of the proposed research will tremendously benefit the areas of cardiac signal analysis, neuromuscular signal analysis, respiratory signal analysis, and design of low-power wearables for health and wellness. The techniques and algorithms developed here could also be extended and adapted to other emerging areas such as biometrics/cybersecurity, RADAR/SONAR, and multimedia related signal processing and machine learning.

用于生物医学信号采集的有线和无线传感器在长期健康监测和远程医疗应用中已变得无处不在。结合了信号处理和机器学习方面的生物医学信号分析正在成为医院仪器和家庭医疗设备的一个重要领域。尽管生物医学仪器多年来得到了改进，并且普遍用于医疗保健和研究，但仍然存在两个主要挑战：1）对所获取的信号进行稳健的分析和解释，2）设备的功率要求。当前的生物医学设备消耗大量电力，最终变得低效且不合规，尤其是在使用可穿戴设备进行长期健康监测时。造成这种情况的主要原因之一是生物医学信号处理算法从信号采集到分析和决策的低效使用和设计。在拟议的研究中，系统地利用与生物医学信号相关的冗余和稀疏特性的压缩传感（CS）技术将用于设计低功耗和鲁棒的数据采集系统。 我们将追求使用 CS 来分析和解释信号的新方向。所提出的联合压缩感知和分析（CSA）框架将研究专门适用于生物医学信号的信息论和优化方法，以处理信号的可变性（由于非平稳性和非线性）、相互关系和生理系统之间表现出的相互作用，以及特定领域的生理伪影和干扰。这些新开发的 CSA 技术的性能测量将有助于提高长期监测应用中使用的生物医学传感器的功率和带宽要求，并将提供从信号中稳健、高效地提取显着特征的功能，以改进医疗保健决策。所提出的研究的应用将极大地有益于心脏信号分析、神经肌肉信号分析、呼吸信号分析以及用于健康和保健的低功耗可穿戴设备的设计等领域。这里开发的技术和算法还可以扩展并适应其他新兴领域，例如生物识别/网络安全、雷达/声纳以及多媒体相关信号处理和机器学习。