Sensorimotor Learning in Complex Movements

复杂运动中的感觉运动学习

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05236
• 负责人: Lametti, Daniel
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Acadia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715429
• 关键词: Sensorimotor; Learning; Complex; Movements

Much of what we know about the behavioural and brain basis of sensorimotor learning comes from studying single muscle groups making repetitive movements. In limb movement studies, participants make planar reaching movements and adapt to visual alterations of their limb's position. In speech studies, isolated words are repeatedly produced and participants adapt their speech to real-time alterations in the sound of their voice. These experimental models of behaviour have been fundamental to our understanding of the neural control of movement. In particular, they show that when sensory feedback from movements differs from expectations the error between predicted and actual movement outcomes drives sensorimotor learning. However, real-world movements are not as simple as the isolated behaviours commonly studied in this work. In the real-world actions span more than one effector (e.g., co-speech hand gestures) and they occur in complex interacting sequences (e.g., fluid sentence production). The brain's capacity to predict the sensory consequences of movements that involve multiple motor domains or occur in complex interacting patterns remains largely untested. This proposal leverages and expands on recently developed experimental models of human motor control in complex movements. Using these models, we aim to elucidate the behavioural and brain-basis of sensorimotor learning in movements that approach or attain real world complexity. The proposal has four aims. Aims 1 and 2 use a novel dual-task paradigm to pair hand movements with speech production. Aim 1 tests the hypothesis that simultaneous sensorimotor learning in hand movements and speech relies on a common neural mechanism. Aim 2 tests the idea that when learning occurs simultaneously in two motor domains it is stored in a single neural representation. Aims 3 and 4 extend our recent work examining sensorimotor learning during fluid sentence production. Aim 3 uses noninvasive brain stimulation to test the hypothesis that, in fluid sentence-level speech, the cerebellum plays a key role in eliminating movement errors, while cortical motor areas are essential for the storage of sensorimotor learning. Aim 4 develops an experimental paradigm for studying sensorimotor learning in unscripted (i.e., real world) sentence production. Taken together, the proposed work has the potential to advance our understanding of the behavioural and neural mechanisms that control complex movements.

我们对感官学习的行为和大脑基础的了解中的大部分内容都来自研究单个肌肉群体的重复运动。在肢体运动研究中，参与者使平面达到运动并适应其肢体位置的视觉改变。在语音研究中，孤立的单词反复产生，参与者将言语调整为声音的实时变化。这些行为的实验模型对于我们对运动神经控制的理解至关重要。他们特别表明，当来自移动的感觉反馈与预期不同时，预测和实际运动结果之间的误差会驱动感觉运动学习。但是，现实世界的运动并不像这项工作中通常研究的孤立行为那样简单。在现实世界中，动作涉及多个效应子（例如，共同语音手势），它们以复杂的相互作用序列（例如流体句子的产生）出现。大脑预测涉及多个电机域或以复杂相互作用模式发生运动后果的感觉后果的能力仍然很大程度上未经测试。 该建议利用并扩展了最近开发的复杂运动中人类运动控制的实验模型。使用这些模型，我们旨在阐明接近或达到现实世界复杂性的运动中感觉运动学习的行为和脑基础。该提案有四个目标。 AIMS 1和2使用新颖的双任务范式将手动动作与语音产生配对。 AIM 1检验了以下假设：手动运动中同时的感觉运动学习依赖于常见的神经机制。 AIM 2测试了以下想法：当学习同时发生在两个电动机域中时，它将存储在单个神经表示中。 AIM 3和4扩展了我们最近的工作，研究了在流体句子生产过程中的感觉运动学习。 AIM 3使用非侵入性大脑刺激来检验以下假设：在流体句子级的语音中，小脑在消除运动误差方面起着关键作用，而皮质运动区域对于存储感觉运动学习至关重要。 AIM 4开发了一种实验范式，用于研究无脚本（即现实世界）句子生产中的感觉运动学习。综上所述，拟议的工作有可能提高我们对控制复杂运动的行为和神经机制的理解。