Understanding the feedbacks between canopy structure and hydrologic flow paths

了解冠层结构和水文流动路径之间的反馈

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06766
• 负责人: Pypker, Thomas
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Thompson Rivers University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714433
• 关键词: Understanding; feedbacks; between; canopy; structure

Vegetation canopies directly influence the quantity and quality of water reaching the forest floor. Past research in forests have clearly demonstrated a link between tree canopy structure and the flow paths of water to the soil surface. However, less work has focused on the feedbacks between different vegetation canopies (trees, shrubs and grasses), epiphytes and hydrology. Different plant species alter both the quantity and quality of water, thereby altering the spatial distribution of water and nutrients in the canopy and soil. The changing hydrology will then impact the distribution of epiphytes and soil microorganisms. This may result in a feedback that alters the spatial distribution of species in the canopy and belowground, which subsequently alters the canopy hydrology. The next 5 years will lay the groundwork for investigating the interaction between vegetation canopy structure and hydrology, by focusing on the following objectives: 1. Assess how water movement through the plant canopy and soil changes with changing vegetation; 2. Quantify the impact of the vegetation canopy on the biogeochemistry of throughfall and the feedback between the spatial distribution of organisms in the canopy and belowground and hydrology; and 3. Quantify how snow pack distribution and melt vary under different vegetation types. For many years the hydrologic flow paths in vegetation canopies and soil has been treated as a black box. My research will shed some light into the black box by providing new insights into how canopy structure affects hydrologic flow paths. In addition, my research will allow for a deeper understanding of the feedbacks between organisms in the canopy/soil and canopy structure. This will allow for improved understanding of how management activities that alter canopy structure and biology will affect the hydrology of the system. My long-term goal is to improve our understanding of how vegetation alters, and is altered by, the path of water through the atmosphere-plant-soil continuum. Future research will focus on the impact of land management on canopy hydrology and the subsequent shift in hydrologic flow paths to and from the soil. By better understanding the link between canopy structure and hydrology, we can better predict the impact of changing vegetation types on the hydrology of an ecosystem at both small (plot) and large scales (watershed). In turn, this will help enlighten our understanding of the link between the spatial distribution of vegetation communities and hydrologic flow paths. My research at Thompson Rivers University (TRU) will train both graduate and undergraduate students. I strongly believe the role of the supervisor is to educate students in ethical and sound science, data analysis/writing, and to mentor the students towards success in their chosen careers. Over the next 5 years, I will focus on training 5-6 undergraduate, 2 MSc and 3 PhD students.

植被冠层直接影响到达森林地面的水量和质量。过去的森林研究清楚地证明了树冠结构与水流到土壤表面的路径之间的联系。然而，较少的工作关注不同植被冠层（树木、灌木和草）、附生植物和水文学之间的反馈。不同的植物种类会改变水的数量和质量，从而改变树冠和土壤中水和养分的空间分布。水文变化将影响附生植物和土壤微生物的分布。这可能会导致反馈改变树冠和地下物种的空间分布，从而改变树冠水文学。 未来五年将重点关注以下目标，为研究植被冠层结构与水文学之间的相互作用奠定基础： 1. 评估水通过植物冠层和土壤的运动如何随着植被的变化而变化； 2. 量化植被冠层对径流生物地球化学的影响以及冠层和地下生物空间分布与水文之间的反馈；和 3. 量化不同植被类型下积雪分布和融化的变化。 多年来，植被冠层和土壤中的水文流动路径一直被视为黑匣子。我的研究将通过提供关于冠层结构如何影响水文流动路径的新见解来揭示黑匣子。此外，我的研究将使人们更深入地了解冠层/土壤和冠层结构中的生物之间的反馈。这将有助于更好地了解改变树冠结构和生物学的管理活动将如何影响系统的水文学。 我的长期目标是提高我们对植被如何改变水在大气-植物-土壤连续体中的路径以及被水路径改变的理解。未来的研究将重点关注土地管理对冠层水文学的影响以及随后进出土壤的水文流动路径的变化。通过更好地了解冠层结构和水文之间的联系，我们可以更好地预测植被类型变化对小尺度（地块）和大尺度（流域）生态系统水文的影响。反过来，这将有助于启发我们对植被群落空间分布与水文流动路径之间联系的理解。 我在汤普森河大学 (TRU) 的研究将培训研究生和本科生。我坚信导师的作用是教育学生道德和健全的科学、数据分析/写作，并指导学生在他们所选择的职业中取得成功。未来5年，我将重点培养本科生5-6名，硕士生2名，博士生3名。