Greenhouse Gas to Fuels - Nanochemistry Solutions

温室气体转化为燃料 - 纳米化学解决方案

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04523
• 负责人: Ozin, Geoffrey
• 金额: $ 6.85万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714011
• 关键词: Greenhouse; Gas; Fuels; Nanochemistry; Solutions

Canada, together with other countries, has embraced the opportunity to transition its unsustainable consumer economy to a sustainable one by recycling waste generated from manufacturing, transportation, and consumption. Our paradigm envisions carbon dioxide as a feedstock and asset, rather than a waste product and liability, being convertible into synthetic fuels for a carbon neutral carbon cycle. In the case of solar fuels made from CO2 and H2O powered by sunlight, the focus of the proposal requires the discovery of highly active photocatalysts and the development of high performance photoreactors to enable the process. To meaningfully impact climate change, targeted catalysts must be able to make synthetic fuels from CO2 at industrially practical scales and rates of conversion, while maintaining long-term performance stability. In addition, the catalyst must comprise earth-abundant, low-cost, and non-toxic elements, with high selectivity and total conversion, to ensure economically viable and environmentally sound CO2 refineries. The aforementioned challenges motivated and set the stage for the next phase of our research, specifically, the discovery and optimization of high performance nanostructured catalysts for the solar-powered heterogeneous hydrogenation of CO2 to synthetic fuels, such as syngas, methanol and hydrocarbons. In particular, it is essential to evaluate the activity, selectivity, stability, surface chemistry, kinetics, and mechanistic pathways of catalysts under ideal reactor operating conditions of pressure, temperature, gas composition, and flow rate. With this knowledge, it will be possible to scale the top-performing photocatalysts to enable the development of lab-scale demonstration units, and ultimately, pilot-scale plants for the conversion of CO2 to synthetic fuels. Our focus will be on the discovery of next-generation CO2 utilization materials, through both experimental and computational methods, and the development of new and improved reactors and processes to enable these CO2 conversions. The objective of our research is to enable Canada to be a world leader in the discovery, development and commercialization of innovative, competitive, low-carbon technologies. This will assist Canada meet its greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets in the challenge of ameliorating global warming and climate change. It will help create Canadian industries that can manufacture made-in-Canada clean technology for a sustainable future.

加拿大与其他国家一起，通过回收从制造，运输和消费产生的废物来将其不可持续的消费经济过渡到可持续性的机会。我们的范式将二氧化碳作为原料和资产设想，而不是废物和责任，可转换为中性碳循环的合成燃料。对于由阳光提供动力的二氧化碳和H2O制成的太阳能燃料，该提案的重点需要发现高度活跃的光催化剂和高性能光反应器的发展才能实现该过程。为了有意义地影响气候变化，有针对性的催化剂必须能够在工业上实用的尺度和转换速率下从二氧化碳中制成合成燃料，同时保持长期性能稳定性。此外，该催化剂必须包括具有高选择性和总转化率的地球，低成本和无毒的元素，以确保经济上可行的环保二氧化碳炼油厂。 前面提到的挑战激发了我们的下一阶段研究，特别是针对太阳能驱动的二氧化碳氢化的高性能纳米结构催化剂的发现和优化，将二氧化碳的异质氢化为合成燃料，例如syngas，甲醇和氢气。特别是，在理想的压力，温度，气体组成和流量的理想反应堆工作条件下，评估催化剂的活性，选择性，稳定性，表面化学，动力学和机械途径至关重要。有了这些知识，将有可能扩展表现最佳的光催化剂，以使实验室规模的示范单元的发展，并最终导致二氧化碳转化为合成燃料的植物。我们的重点将是通过实验和计算方法发现下一代CO2利用材料，以及开发新的和改进的反应器和过程，以实现这些CO2转换。 我们研究的目的是使加拿大成为创新，竞争性，低碳技术的发现，开发和商业化的世界领导者。这将有助于加拿大实现其减少温室气体排放目标，以减轻全球变暖和气候变化的挑战。它将有助于创建可以在可持续的未来制造加拿大制造的清洁技术的加拿大行业。