Novel computational and experimental wind engineering approaches for community level performance assessment

用于社区级绩效评估的新型计算和实验风工程方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05454
• 负责人: Bitsuamlak, Girma
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713691
• 关键词: Novel; computational; experimental; wind; engineering

Canada's diverse geography and climate exposes our communities to wind hazards, such as tornadoes and hurricanes. This is further aggravated due to aging infrastructure, population growth and climate change. To maintain the safety and prosperity of our communities, it is vital to develop a comprehensive framework to assess and mitigate the impacts of extreme climate. In this research program novel computer models and large scale experimental approaches will be developed to assess the wind performance of buildings at a community level. This approach is unique as it considers aerodynamics for progressive failure and the interdependence of cladding, structural systems, individual buildings, and neighborhoods. To achieve these goals the following three research objectives are proposed: (1) Computer and experimental wind flow modeling and visualization: This objective proposes novel developments at pre-processing, system modeling and post processing stages. At the pre-processing stages, generation of three-dimensional building layouts in cities assisted with various remote sensing sensors installed on an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) and those obtained from satellites will be automated. At the system modeling stage, detail computer and experimental based methods for modeling turbulent wind (and wind-driven-rain) and its interaction with buildings will be developed. At post-processing level, user friendly data analysis/mining and visualizations will be developed. (2) Progressive aerodynamics and hydrodynamics for buildings and neighborhoods: Here, the computer models developed in (1) will be integrated with building information modeling (BIM) at various levels of development. Since the BIM model will consist of all the parts of building, it is possible to model damage states in detail. In parallel, new experimental testing protocols enabled by emerging 3D printing technologies and large-scale wind testing facilities will be developed for validation. (3) Non-linear aeroelastic characterization for high-rise buildings: Current tall building design for wind only considers linear elastic capacity of structural systems. However, tall buildings can be subjected to loads beyond design capacity during hurricane and tornado events; as a result local plastic deformations may occur. The impact of these types of plastic deformations are unknown. In this objective novel experimental methods for non-linear aeroelastic characterization will be developed assisted with state-of-the-art 3D printers. The insurance, Architectural and Engineering (As leadership in risk mitigation technology.

加拿大多样化的地理和气候使我们的社区面临龙卷风和飓风等风灾。由于基础设施老化、人口增长和气候变化，这一问题进一步加剧。为了维护我们社区的安全和繁荣，制定一个全面的框架来评估和减轻极端气候的影响至关重要。在该研究计划中，将开发新颖的计算机模型和大规模实验方法来评估社区层面建筑物的风性能。这种方法是独特的，因为它考虑了渐进式失效的空气动力学以及包层、结构系统、个体建筑和社区的相互依赖性。 为了实现这些目标，提出以下三个研究目标： (1) 计算机和实验风流建模和可视化：该目标提出了预处理、系统建模和后处理阶段的新颖发展。在预处理阶段，借助安装在无人机（UAV）上的各种遥感传感器以及从卫星获得的遥感传感器，将自动生成城市的三维建筑布局。在系统建模阶段，将开发用于模拟湍流风（和风驱动雨）及其与建筑物相互作用的详细计算机和基于实验的方法。在后处理级别，将开发用户友好的数据分析/挖掘和可视化。 (2) 建筑物和社区的渐进式空气动力学和流体动力学：在这里，(1) 中开发的计算机模型将与不同开发级别的建筑信息模型 (BIM) 集成。由于 BIM 模型将包含建筑物的所有部分，因此可以对损坏状态进行详细建模。与此同时，将开发由新兴 3D 打印技术和大型风力测试设施支持的新实验测试协议以进行验证。 (3)高层建筑的非线性气动弹性表征：目前高层建筑的风设计仅考虑结构系统的线弹性能力。然而，在飓风和龙卷风事件期间，高层建筑可能会承受超出设计能力的荷载；结果可能会发生局部塑性变形。这些类型的塑性变形的影响尚不清楚。在这一目标中，将在最先进的 3D 打印机的协助下开发非线性气动弹性表征的新颖实验方法。 保险、建筑和工程（作为风险缓解技术的领导者。