Nanoscale Electrochemistry, Spectroscopy and Microscopy for Materials and Biomaterials

材料和生物材料的纳米电化学、光谱学和显微镜学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06556
• 负责人: Ding, Zhifeng
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=712862
• 关键词: Nanoscale; Electrochemistry; Spectroscopy; Microscopy; Materials

This research on nanoscale electrochemistry, spectroscopy and microscopy of materials and biomaterials will utilize our research tools and experiences established over 15 years of research in our laboratory at Western. World class research will be carried out on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of graphene and phosphorene quantum dots (GQDs and PQDs), scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), and solar cell devices. Three new research fields with great application potentials will be: 1. ECL, which is the process in which electrogenerated radicals form excited species emitting light without the need for an external light source. Reports on ECL for immunoassays are solely based on [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (RuBpy) as in Roche's product lines. We have discovered that GQDs and PQDs give off bright luminescence upon illumination. The novel ECL protocols with the QDs are similar to the RuBpy one, but are low cost, easy to fabricate. 2. Nanoscale SECM of single live cells. SECM will be used to measure and image reactive oxygen species (ROS), dopamine and membrane permeability through an ultramicroelectrode (UME) (an electrode with a diameter of a few nm to 25 ?m) when it is held or moved in a solution in the vicinity of a single live cell. Specifically, single human bladder cells (T24) and rat neuron cells (PC12) will be used as model cells in our research to investigate heavy metal ion effects on T24 membrane permeability and neuron transmitter dopamine on PC12 permeability. While we have been successful in our research with 5 ?m diameter electrode, permeability and ROS concentration mapping gives only average values over a large surface area due to relative probe to sample. We intend to make 50 nm diameter probes. The nano probe will approach the substrate more closely and therefore enhance the sensitivity and resolution. Almost all cell lines can be investigated using this improved nanoelectrode. Clinic applications and practical devices are anticipated. 3. Among all alternative energy sources, solar energy is clean and the most promising. The sun-light impacting the earth has the capacity to match our total world oil reserve of ~3 trillion barrels with 1.5 days of irradiation. However, the solar approach currently supplies only 0.015% of our electricity globally. The part of the discovery grant proposal aims at enhancing the efficiency of low-cost, light-weight thin film Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells. We have patented a CZTS nanocrystal preparation method for solar cells, and accumulated rich experience on solar cell fabrication procedures along with their tools such as atomic layer deposition. More than 12% efficiency is anticipated. All of these research activities will provide excellent opportunities for high quality personnel training, including undergraduate and graduate students. This research will contribute positively to population health, daily life, energy resources and environment in Canada.

这项关于材料和生物材料的纳米电化学、光谱学和显微镜的研究将利用我们在 Western 实验室超过 15 年的研究积累的研究工具和经验。世界级的研究将在石墨烯和磷烯量子点（GQD 和 PQD）的电化学发光（ECL）、扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）和太阳能电池器件方面进行。三个具有巨大应用潜力的新研究领域将是： 1. ECL，这是电生自由基形成受激物种发光的过程，无需外部光源。有关免疫分析 ECL 的报告仅基于罗氏产品线中的 [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (RuBpy)。我们发现 GQD 和 PQD 在光照下会发出明亮的发光。这种带有量子点的新型 ECL 协议与 RuBpy 协议类似，但成本低、易于制造。 2.单个活细胞的纳米级SECM。当超微电极 (UME)（直径为几纳米至 25 µm 的电极）在溶液中固定或移动时，SECM 将用于测量活性氧 (ROS)、多巴胺和膜渗透性并对其进行成像。单个活细胞的附近。具体来说，我们的研究将使用单个人膀胱细胞（T24）和大鼠神经元细胞（PC12）作为模型细胞，研究重金属离子对T24膜通透性的影响以及神经元递质多巴胺对PC12通透性的影响。虽然我们在使用 5 µm 直径电极的研究中取得了成功，但由于探针与样品的相对关系，渗透性和 ROS 浓度图仅给出大表面积上的平均值。我们打算制造直径 50 nm 的探针。纳米探针将更接近基底，从而提高灵敏度和分辨率。几乎所有细胞系都可以使用这种改进的纳米电极进行研究。预计临床应用和实用设备。 3、在所有替代能源中，太阳能是清洁的，也是最有前途的。照射到地球上的太阳光照射 1.5 天的量相当于我们约 3 万亿桶的世界石油总储量。然而，太阳能方法目前仅供应全球电力的 0.015%。发现拨款提案的一部分旨在提高低成本、轻质薄膜 Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) 太阳能电池的效率。我们拥有太阳能电池用CZTS纳米晶制备方法的专利，并在太阳能电池制造工艺及其原子层沉积等工具方面积累了丰富的经验。预计效率将超过 12%。 所有这些研究活动都将为高素质人才培养，包括本科生和研究生提供极好的机会。 这项研究将为加拿大的人口健康、日常生活、能源资源和环境做出积极贡献。