New Methods for Asymmetric Carbon-Carbon and Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation

不对称碳-碳和碳-杂原子键形成的新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05039
• 负责人: Pansare, Sunil
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711110
• 关键词: New; Methods; Asymmetric; Carbon; Heteroatom

The preparation of functionalized molecules is a central theme in organic chemistry and it is at the core of the related applied sciences such as medicine and biotechnology. A large number of biologically active organic molecules, including several medicinal agents on the market, can exist in two distinct structural forms which are non-superimposable mirror images. These are known as enantiomers. Interestingly, only one of the two possible enantiomers has the desired biological activity whereas the other is either inactive or toxic. Consequently, chemical methods for the preparation of single enantiomers are of great practical significance. The central theme of this proposal is the development of such preparative methods, and these are broadly described as methods for 'asymmetric synthesis' of organic compounds. One of the important methods of making organic molecules involves the joining of small, readily available building blocks by making new connections (bonds) between carbon atoms in these building blocks. The proposed investigations will examine new methods for making carbon-carbon bonds in such a way that one enantiomer is formed preferentially. In addition, many biologically active molecules are decorated with groups containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms. These groups are often crucial for bioactivity and they must be oriented in a specific direction in three dimensional space. Hence, we will also investigate methods for making carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen bonds with the goal of making products that are single enantiomers. Sustainability and minimum environmental impact are important considerations when developing new technology, especially in the chemical sciences. In keeping with these objectives, we will investigate new catalytic methods for our bond forming reactions. The new methods will potentially require only small amounts of key reagents that are necessary for facilitating the reaction and will also use non-toxic solvents. Hence the new procedures will be environmentally friendly and more economical as compared to current practices. The new methods are anticipated to have applications in the preparation of medicinal compounds for the treatment of disease, and in the development of sensors with applications in the health sciences. The knowledge gained from the proposed investigations will be essential for the sustained development of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, for innovative research and for the development of new technologies that contribute to our national competitiveness and productivity.

功能化分子的制备是有机化学中的一个核心主题，它是相关应用科学（例如医学和生物技术）的核心。大量具有生物活性的有机分子，包括市场上的几种药物，可以以两种不同的结构形式存在，这些结构形式是不可抑制的镜像图像。这些被称为对映异构体。有趣的是，两个可能的对映异构体中只有一个具有所需的生物学活性，而另一个则是无活性或有毒的。因此，制备单个对映异构体的化学方法具有很大的实际意义。该提案的中心主题是开发这种制备方法，这些方法广泛地描述为有机化合物“不对称合成”的方法。 制造有机分子的重要方法之一是通过在这些构建块中的碳原子之间建立新的连接（键）来连接小的，随时可用的构件。拟议的研究将研究以优先形成一个对映异构体的方式来制造碳碳键的新方法。此外，许多生物活性分子都装饰有含氧和氮原子的基团。这些组通常对于生物活性至关重要，必须在三维空间中以特定方向定向。因此，我们还将研究制造碳氧和碳氮键的方法，其目的是制造单个对映异构体的产品。 在开发新技术时，尤其是在化学科学中，可持续性和最小环境影响是重要的考虑因素。为了与这些目标保持一致，我们将研究用于形成键反应的新催化方法。新方法可能只需要少量的关键试剂来促进反应，并且还将使用无毒溶剂。因此，与当前的做法相比，新程序将对环境友好，更经济。 预计新方法将在制备疾病治疗的药用化合物以及在健康科学中应用传感器的开发中应用。 从拟议的调查中获得的知识对于化学和制药行业的持续发展，创新研究以及开发有助于我们的国家竞争力和生产力的新技术至关重要。