Next generation catalytic aftertreatment technology for exhaust emission control

用于废气排放控制的下一代催化后处理技术

• 批准号: 506855-2017
• 负责人: Chin, YaHuei(Cathy)
• 金额: $ 10.61万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=693602
• 关键词: Next; generation; catalytic; aftertreatment; technology

Reducing pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions are the Grand Challenges of 21st century towards a cleaner environment and better human health. Within the broader scope, the catalytic oxidation of resilient hydrocarbons such as unburned methane with strong C-H bonds is especially relevant and a fundamental scientific topic, critical for developing innovative aftertreatment technology for mobile and stationary engine exhausts. Presently, methane emissions remain largely unregulated in North America. Within the next five years, new and upcoming regulations would require significant reduction of methane or the total hydrocarbons in the exhaust streams from gasoline/natural gas and lean burn (diesel) engines. Therefore, the quest to find a highly reactive and stable catalyst for activating the strongest C-H bond (in methane) has begun. Our initial finding has demonstrated the exceptionally low barrier for C-H bond activation with multi-layer, nanometer sized, hierarchical metal-metal oxide clusters. Partnering with three companies (Ford Canada, Hitachi High-Technologies Canada, and DCL International) with headquarters and R&D centres in Ontario, together with collaborators from the U.S. Department of Energy National Lab and Natural Resources Canada, we will investigate in depth the synthesis and fabrication of nanoparticles, the use of these particles for the catalytic abatement of recalcitrant hydrocarbons. We put forward the proposed work with three major research themes, integrating catalyst discovery and characterizations, fundamental understanding of catalytic pathways, and reaction engineering to understand deeply the catalytic events and develop operational strategies for hydrocarbon oxidation under wide ranging fuel-to-air operating ratios. We adapt synthesis techniques, environmental electron microscopic and spectroscopic tools, and kinetic, isotopic, and reaction engineering methods, to unravel these catalytic events and develop the emission control technology. Our other focus is the training of three Ph.D. and one post-doctoral degree candidates, who will work directly with our partnering companies within Ontario.

减少污染物和温室气体排放是21世纪实现更清洁的环境和更好的人类健康的重大挑战。在更广泛的范围内，弹性碳氢化合物（例如具有强 C-H 键的未燃烧甲烷）的催化氧化尤其重要，也是一个基础科学课题，对于开发移动和固定发动机废气的创新后处理技术至关重要。目前，北美的甲烷排放基本上仍未受到监管。在未来五年内，新的和即将出台的法规将要求大幅减少汽油/天然气和稀薄燃烧（柴油）发动机废气流中的甲烷或总碳氢化合物。因此，寻找一种高反应性和稳定的催化剂来激活最强的 C-H 键（在甲烷中）的探索已经开始。我们的初步发现表明，多层、纳米尺寸、分级金属-金属氧化物簇的 C-H 键激活势垒极低。我们将与总部和研发中心位于安大略省的三家公司（福特加拿大公司、日立高科技加拿大公司和 DCL 国际公司）以及来自美国能源部国家实验室和加拿大自然资源部的合作者合作，深入研究合成和纳米颗粒的制造，使用这些颗粒来催化消除顽固的碳氢化合物。我们提出了三个主要研究主题的工作，整合催化剂的发现和表征、催化途径的基本理解和反应工程，以深入了解催化事件并制定宽范围燃料与空气操作比下碳氢化合物氧化的操作策略。我们采用合成技术、环境电子显微镜和光谱工具以及动力学、同位素和反应工程方法来解开这些催化事件并开发排放控制技术。我们的另一个重点是培养三名博士。以及一名博士后候选人，他们将直接与我们在安大略省的合作公司合作。