Toward a decrease in dietary crude protein in broilers: amino acids adjustment considering both structural and functional roles, fine tuning of mineral profile, and energy:protein

降低肉鸡日粮粗蛋白：考虑结构和功能作用的氨基酸调整、矿物质成分的微调以及能量：蛋白质

• 批准号: 543700-2019
• 负责人: LétourneauMontminy, MariePierre
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=690291
• 关键词: Toward; decrease; dietary; crude; protein

This research proposal focuses on optimizing the use of nitrogen (N) resources to ensure the sustainable development of poultry production that currently face significant environmental, economic and societal challenges. The general objective is to reduce N intake by optimizing its use by animals, by adjusting, as accurately as possible, the contribution to the needs of the animals to avoid reducing performance. This will in turn reduce the release of N into the environment. Preliminary results using meta-analysis tool allowed us identifying other dietary factors than essential amino acids that may affect the success of low crude protein (CP) strategies. This approach also revealed possible impact of broilers health while reducing CP. Based on this, in low CP strategies, the adjustment of other dietary components such as minerals, or even adding non essential amino acids (NEAA) with a functional role (e.g. glutamine) on enterocytes would improve animal health status. It is expected that these strategies support the reduction of antibiotics use, another important factor in broiler production sustainability. The research project will focus on growing chicken. Two objectives will be developed 1) reduction of dietary CP in growing chickens as a way to improve N efficiency without compromising growth performance, and assessing possible impact of health and 2) Estimation of broiler responses to essential amino acids (EAA) and NEAA on gut health. These objectives will validate and complete the results found in the meta-analysis.

该研究计划的重点是优化氮（N）资源的利用，以确保目前面临重大环境、经济和社会挑战的家禽生产的可持续发展。总体目标是通过优化动物对氮的利用来减少氮的摄入量，通过尽可能准确地调整对动物需求的贡献以避免降低生产性能。这反过来又会减少 N 向环境中的释放。使用荟萃分析工具的初步结果使我们能够识别除必需氨基酸外可能影响低粗蛋白（CP）策略成功的其他饮食因素。这种方法还揭示了在降低 CP 的同时对肉鸡健康可能产生的影响。基于此，在低CP策略中，调整其他饮食成分如矿物质，甚至添加对肠细胞具有功能作用的非必需氨基酸（例如谷氨酰胺）将改善动物的健康状况。预计这些策略有助于减少抗生素的使用，这是肉鸡生产可持续性的另一个重要因素。该研究项目将重点关注养鸡。将制定两个目标：1) 减少生长鸡的日粮 CP，以此提高氮效率而不影响生长性能，并评估对健康可能产生的影响；2) 估计肉鸡对肠道必需氨基酸 (EAA) 和 NEAA 的反应健康。这些目标将验证并完成荟萃分析中发现的结果。