Thermal conversion of biomass and municipal solid wastes: Understanding the effect of organic and inorganic components on process performance

生物质和城市固体废物的热转化：了解有机和无机成分对工艺性能的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04583
• 负责人: Gupta, Rajender
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=687449
• 关键词: Thermal; conversion; biomass; municipal; solid

Municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills causes serious problems of GHG emissions. Canada produces one of the highest MSW per year (777kg per capita) requiring a proper management and/or large area for landfills. Other than MSW, the agricultural residues, and wastes from forest can add to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions if not utilized. Therefore, thermal conversion of MSW to power or chemicals is a very promising option to avoid the landfill and mitigating GHG emissions. ******MSW is the most complex in nature, firstly, because it consists of food wastes, garden wastes, plastics, paper, wastes from construction and demolition - each having different characteristics and, secondly because inorganic matter in these components interact with each other causing slagging/fouling/ sintering problems. ******The operational issues very much depend on the technology to be used. The most common technology used is fluidized bed gasification. However, there are three main problem in fluidized bed gasification (800-1000C): elutriation of fine fuel particles causing lower efficiency, agglomeration and sintering of ash and bed material and tar formation. The advantage is the retention of alkalis and S in bed material and ash. However, at high temperature entrained flow gasifier (1200-1400C) can overcome the issue of tar and bed agglomeration. ******In this proposal, the methodology will be to study each major individual component of MSW including garden clipping, agricultural residues tyres etc. in fluidized bed reactor (FBR) and entrained flow reactor (EFR) for the following three aspects:******i) The impact feed quality and operating conditions on conversion efficiency combustion or gasification ***ii) Operational issues related to the inorganic matter fouling, slagging and ash deposition. The operational problems such as agglomeration, deposition, and corrosion problems.***iii) Environmental performance issues emission of fine particulate matter, trace and toxic elements. The investigations of this aspect are scarce in the available literature. ******The synergy in the processing of these blends of different components MSW, will be investigated for these aspects in terms of pyrolysis, gasification and interaction of ash components in reducing tar formation, reducing slagging/ fouling and reducing emission of fine particulate matter end trace/toxic elements. ******The main objective of the research is to develop a methodology for a consistent evaluation of MSW gasification process high temperature gasification processes. The short term objective, is to understand the pyrolysis behavior of individual component and the thermal conversion of char under different conditions using thermogravimetric analysis, a bench scale fluidized bed (FBR) and drop tube furnace (EFR), The knowledge generated in this program will provide more efficient thermal conversion of MSW and different types of biomass wastes and mitigation of GHG emissions in Canada.*****

垃圾填埋场中的市政固体废物（MSW）引起了严重的温室气体排放问题。加拿大每年生产最高的MSW（人均777千克）之一，需要适当的管理和/或大面积的垃圾填埋场。除了MSW之外，如果不利用，农业残留物和森林废物还会增加温室气体（GHG）的排放。因此，将MSW转化为电力或化学物质是避免垃圾填埋场和缓解温室气体排放的非常有前途的选择。 ****** MSW本质上是最复杂的，首先是因为它由食物浪费，花园浪费，塑料，纸张，施工和拆除的废物组成 - 每种特征都有不同的特征，其次，因为这些组件中的无机物质相互相互作用，从而导致溶槽/ fouling/ folling/ forling/ forling/ forling/ forling/ for。 ******操作问题在很大程度上取决于要使用的技术。最常用的技术是流化的床气化。但是，流化床气化（800-1000C）中存在三个主要问题：精细燃料颗粒的渗透，导致效率降低，灰分和床材料以及焦油形成的效率降低和烧结。优势是碱和S在床材料和灰烬中的保留。但是，在高温夹带的流动器（1200-1400C）下，可以克服焦油和床聚集的问题。 *****在该提案中，方法是研究MSW的每个主要组成部分，包括花园剪裁，农业残留物轮胎等，在流化的床反应器（FBR）和插入的流动反应器（EFR）中，以下三个方面：******* i）对转换效率或气体的影响效率或气体相关。诸如聚集，沉积和腐蚀问题之类的操作问题。在可用文献中，对这一方面的调查是稀缺的。 ******将研究这些方面的这些不同组件的混合物的协同作用，这些方面将在减少焦油形成，减少渣/污染和减少细微粒物质最终痕量/毒性元素的发射时，在减少焦油形成的热量，气化和灰分相互作用方面进行研究。 *****该研究的主要目的是开发一种方法，以一致评估MSW气化过程高温气化过程。短期目标是了解单个成分的热解行为以及使用热重分析在不同条件下炭的热转化，基准尺度的流动床（FBR）和滴管炉（EFR），该程序中产生的知识将提供更有效的MSW的热转换，以及不同类型