New processing route to porous bioactive glass composites for bone tissue scaffolds

用于骨组织支架的多孔生物活性玻璃复合材料的新加工路线

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05379
• 负责人: Nychka, John
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684883
• 关键词: New; processing; route; porous; bioactive

Bioactive glasses have been used for decades in biomedical applications where the repair and generation of new bone is required (e.g., dental implants; bone defects). A common strategy for using bioactive glasses is as composites--materials made from different materials to produce a more functional component. The most common bioactive bone tissue scaffolds are either particulate ceramics bound together with polymers, or sintered ceramics. Several methods are capable of producing porous scaffolds, however there is no generally accepted method, and the present work is focused on producing composite scaffolds through a simplified methodmixing a powder with a small volume of binding liquid. The major goal of this research is to create a particulate-based bioactive glass composite using a liquid ceramic precursor that cures in air (at room temperature and pressure) to bind bioactive glass particles together so as to form a mechanically stable bone tissue scaffold. The strategy of the proposed technology is to use clinically and commercially successful raw materials (bioactive glass) and water soluble silicate solutions (e.g., sodium silicate, “water glass”; an industrial and food safe adhesive). The innovative nature of this work is a new manufacturing route to produce porous bone tissue scaffolds to enable implementation with minimal impact on existing surgical methods. The scientific challenges to be overcome are determination of the ideal glass and silicate solution in the optimum amounts to be mixed, in an effective manner, so that carbon dioxide in the air will set the solution to bind bioactive glass particles with enough mechanical strength to permit shape retention and permit an in vitro bioactive response. ***The proposed research challenges traditional thinking within the field of ceramicsto avoid elevated temperature to bind ceramic particles together. The technology will be able to be used in an operating room, on demand, to allow a surgeon to directly repair a bone defect by mixing a powder with a pre-measured amount of liquid and inserting the resultant paste into the wound site whereupon the composite will harden within a few minutes. The resultant composite scaffolds will promote bone in-growth and eventually be resorbed and replaced by new bone. ***Experimental testing will be performed to determine: optimal glass type, particle shape, size, and distribution; type, amount, and concentrations of silicate solutions; setting time; porosity; strength; density; phases; and time to form hydroxcarbonate apatite in simulated bodily fluid immersion testing (a proxy for in vivo bioactivity). Materials characterization tools will aid in determining relationships between glass and the binder phase through visualization and quantification required for multiple regression analysis. ***4 PhD, 1 MSc and 10 BSc HQP will gain highly desirable skills (e.g., communication, critical thinking, complex problem solving, and collaboration) during this grant.*****

生物活性玻璃已在需要修复和生成新骨的生物医学应用中使用了数十年（例如，牙种植体；骨缺损）。使用生物活性玻璃的常见策略是作为复合材料，即由不同材料制成的材料来生产。最常见的生物活性骨组织支架是与聚合物粘合在一起的颗粒陶瓷，或烧结陶瓷，有几种方法能够生产多孔支架，但目前还没有普遍接受的方法。专注于通过一种简化的方法生产复合支架，将粉末与少量的粘合液体混合。这项研究的主要目标是使用在空气中（在室温和压力下）固化的液体陶瓷前体来制造基于颗粒的生物活性玻璃复合材料。 ）将生物活性玻璃颗粒结合在一起，从而形成机械稳定的骨组织支架。该技术的策略是使用临床和商业上成功的原材料（生物活性玻璃）和水溶性硅酸盐溶液（例如钠）。这项工作的创新本质是生产多孔骨组织支架的新制造路线，以对现有手术方法的影响最小。以有效的方式确定理想的玻璃和硅酸盐溶液的最佳混合量，以便空气中的二氧化碳使溶液与生物活性玻璃颗粒结合，并具有足够的机械强度，以保持形状并允许体外***拟议的研究。挑战陶瓷领域的传统思维，避免高温将陶瓷颗粒粘合在一起。该技术将能够根据需要在手术室中使用，使外科医生能够通过将粉末与预混合剂混合来直接修复骨缺损。 -测量一定量的液体并将所得糊剂插入伤口部位，所得复合材料支架将在几分钟内硬化，并最终被新骨吸收和取代。执行以确定：最佳玻璃类型、颗粒形状、尺寸和分布；硅酸盐溶液的凝固时间和密度； *** 4 名博士、1 名硕士和 10 名理学学士 HQP 将获得高额奖励在此资助期间所需的技能（例如沟通、批判性思维、解决复杂问题和协作）。*****