New processing route to porous bioactive glass composites for bone tissue scaffolds

用于骨组织支架的多孔生物活性玻璃复合材料的新加工路线

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05379
• 负责人: Nychka, John
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684883
• 关键词: New; processing; route; porous; bioactive

Bioactive glasses have been used for decades in biomedical applications where the repair and generation of new bone is required (e.g., dental implants; bone defects). A common strategy for using bioactive glasses is as composites--materials made from different materials to produce a more functional component. The most common bioactive bone tissue scaffolds are either particulate ceramics bound together with polymers, or sintered ceramics. Several methods are capable of producing porous scaffolds, however there is no generally accepted method, and the present work is focused on producing composite scaffolds through a simplified methodmixing a powder with a small volume of binding liquid. The major goal of this research is to create a particulate-based bioactive glass composite using a liquid ceramic precursor that cures in air (at room temperature and pressure) to bind bioactive glass particles together so as to form a mechanically stable bone tissue scaffold. The strategy of the proposed technology is to use clinically and commercially successful raw materials (bioactive glass) and water soluble silicate solutions (e.g., sodium silicate, “water glass”; an industrial and food safe adhesive). The innovative nature of this work is a new manufacturing route to produce porous bone tissue scaffolds to enable implementation with minimal impact on existing surgical methods. The scientific challenges to be overcome are determination of the ideal glass and silicate solution in the optimum amounts to be mixed, in an effective manner, so that carbon dioxide in the air will set the solution to bind bioactive glass particles with enough mechanical strength to permit shape retention and permit an in vitro bioactive response. ***The proposed research challenges traditional thinking within the field of ceramicsto avoid elevated temperature to bind ceramic particles together. The technology will be able to be used in an operating room, on demand, to allow a surgeon to directly repair a bone defect by mixing a powder with a pre-measured amount of liquid and inserting the resultant paste into the wound site whereupon the composite will harden within a few minutes. The resultant composite scaffolds will promote bone in-growth and eventually be resorbed and replaced by new bone. ***Experimental testing will be performed to determine: optimal glass type, particle shape, size, and distribution; type, amount, and concentrations of silicate solutions; setting time; porosity; strength; density; phases; and time to form hydroxcarbonate apatite in simulated bodily fluid immersion testing (a proxy for in vivo bioactivity). Materials characterization tools will aid in determining relationships between glass and the binder phase through visualization and quantification required for multiple regression analysis. ***4 PhD, 1 MSc and 10 BSc HQP will gain highly desirable skills (e.g., communication, critical thinking, complex problem solving, and collaboration) during this grant.*****

生物活性玻璃已经用于生物医学应用，在这些应用中，需要修复和产生新骨骼（例如，牙染色；骨骼缺陷）。使用生物活性玻璃的常见策略是作为成分 - 由不同材料制成的物质，以产生更具功能的成分。最常见的生物活性骨组织支架是与聚合物结合的颗粒陶瓷或烧结的陶瓷。几种方法能够产生多孔脚手架，但是没有普遍接受的方法，目前的工作专注于通过简化的方法将粉末与少量结合液体混合的简化方法产生复合支架。这项研究的主要目的是使用液体陶瓷前体创建一种基于特定的生物活性玻璃复合材料，该液体陶瓷前体在空气中（在室温和压力下）固化生物活性玻璃颗粒，以形成机械稳定的骨组织支架。拟议技术的策略是在临床和商业上成功的原材料（生物活性玻璃）和水固体有机硅溶液（例如，硅胶，“水玻璃”；工业和食品安全的胶粘剂）。这项工作的创新性质是一种新的制造途径，用于生产多孔的骨组织支架，以使实施对现有手术方法的影响最小。要克服的科学挑战是由理想的玻璃和硅胶溶液确定的，以有效的方式将最佳量混合，以使空气中的二氧化碳将溶液设置为结合具有足够机械强度的生物活性玻璃颗粒，以保持形状保留率并允许体外生物活性反应。 ***拟议的研究挑战了陶瓷领域中传统思维的避免温度升高以将陶瓷颗粒结合在一起。该技术将能够按需在手术室中使用，以使外科医生通过将粉末与预测量的液体混合并将结果糊插入伤口部位，直接修复骨骼缺陷，从而在几分钟内将复合物插入伤口部位。所得的复合支架将促进骨骼的增长，并最终被新骨替代并取代。 ***将进行实验测试以确定：最佳玻璃类型，颗粒形状，大小和分布；硅胶溶液的类型，数量和浓度；设定时间；孔隙率；力量;密度;阶段；和时间在模拟的体液浸入测试中形成羟化磷灰石（体内生物活性的代理）。材料表征工具将通过可视化和多元回归分析所需的数量来帮助确定玻璃与粘合剂阶段之间的关系。 *** 4博士学位，1个MSC和10 BSC HQP将在此赠款期间获得高度理想的技能（例如，沟通，批判性思维，复杂的问题解决和协作）。****