Performance-Based Approach for Multihazard Resilient Design of Highway Bridges

基于性能的公路桥梁多灾害抗灾设计方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05104
• 负责人: Billah, AbuHenaMd
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684016
• 关键词: Performance; Based; Approach; Multihazard; Resilient

Keeping bridge infrastructure in safe and operational condition is a major challenge for most countries. Recently a number of bridges have collapsed in North America and around the world, which indicates their increased risks of failure under different hazards. Over its lifetime, a bridge must withstand multiple hazards, some of which occur concurrently and have cascading effects. Extreme climate and natural hazard events are rare and occur largely unanticipated. These events not only cause economic losses by damaging infrastructure and other facilities but also adversely affect post-disaster response capability. Earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of 2011 in Japan, and the most recent Typhoon Jebi of 2018 in Japan caused severe losses and damage to highway bridges that shook the national economies. Currently available codes and guidelines are adequate in addressing individual issues related to resilient bridge design, but fail in addressing the complexities in a multihazard environment (mainshock-aftershock; earthquake-tsunami; earthquake-flooding), where these dependencies exist at multiple levels. In the wake of frequent extreme natural hazards around the globe, increased emphasis has been placed on identifying methods to improve infrastructure safety and performance at reasonable costs, with minimal undesirable side effects. Strong interest from the bridge owners and designers on this aspect has led to the development of the concept of “multihazard design”. Although some experimental and numerical research has been done in the field of multihazard design, it is a relatively new topic in engineering, thus providing considerable room for future research. The proposed research program is designed to develop a performance-based approach for multihazard resilient bridge systems to ensure enhanced resilience and robustness, thus minimizing the adverse social and economic impacts of multiple hazards. This research will focus on identifying synergies between hazards that make an integrated multihazard design approach possible through a structured design process. Successful completion of the proposed research will yield design guidelines for practicing design engineers in designing resilient bridges that can accommodate independent or concurrent multiple hazards. The proposed program will not only provide adequate guidelines and numerical tools for practitioners to design and analyze bridges against multiple hazards, but also develop innovative smart structural components to enhance structural safety. By adopting and integrating such innovative smart structural components with performance based design approaches, Canada's highway infrastructure resilience will be significantly improved and Canadian communities will be provided with economical, safe, and low-risk bridges when subjected to extreme natural hazards.

对于大多数国家来说，将桥梁基础设施保持安全和运营状况是一个主要挑战。最近，北美和世界各地的许多桥梁崩溃了，这表明它们在不同危险下发生故障的风险增加。在其一生中，桥梁必须承受多种危害，其中一些危害同时发生并具有级联效应。极端气候和自然危害事件很少见，并且发生了很大的意外。这些事件不仅通过损害基础设施和其他设施造成经济损失，而且会对后策划后的响应能力产生不利影响。新西兰基督城的地震，2011年日本的2011年东北海啸以及日本2018年的台风吉比造成了严重的损失和对射击国民经济的高速公路桥梁的损失。目前可用的代码和准则足以解决与弹性桥设计有关的个体问题，但无法解决多ihazard环境中的复杂性（Mainshock-aftershock; Earthquake-Tsunami; Eartquake-Tsunami; Etharquake Flooding），这些依赖性在多个层次上存在。在全球经常发生极端自然危害之后，以合理的成本以合理的成本来确定改善基础设施安全性和绩效的方法，并具有最小的不良副作用。桥梁所有者和设计师对这一方面的浓厚兴趣导致了“多期设计”概念的发展。尽管在多ihazard设计领域已经进行了一些实验和数值研究，但它是工程学的一个相对新主题，因此为未来的研究提供了考虑室。拟议的研究计划旨在开发一种基于绩效的方法，以确保增强的弹性和鲁棒性，从而最大程度地减少多种危害的不利社会和经济影响。这项研究将着重于确定危害之间的协同作用，这些危害使整体多ihazard设计方法通过结构化设计过程成为可能。成功完成拟议的研究将产生设计指南，以实践设计工程师设计可以容纳独立或并发多重危害的弹性桥梁。拟议的计划不仅将为从业者提供足够的指南和数值工具，以设计和分析桥梁针对多种危害，而且还开发了创新的智能结构组件以增强结构安全。通过采用和整合这种创新的智能结构组件与基于性能的设计方法，加拿大的高速公路基础设施的弹性将得到显着改善，并且在遭受极端自然危害时，将为加拿大社区提供经济，安全和低风险的桥梁。