Practical large-scale antenna systems (LSAS) for high bit-rate communications based on antenna selection and spatial modulation

基于天线选择和空间调制的实用大规模天线系统（LSAS），用于高比特率通信

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06124
• 负责人: Roy, Sébastien
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682701
• 关键词: Practical; large; scale; antenna; systems

Antenna selection constitutes a powerful means to leverage the potential gain of a large array at lesser cost and complexity. In some cases, this entails that there can be much fewer RF chains than antennas, while still conserving much of the diversity potential of the entire array. Given that antennas themselves are simple and inexpensive, this seems like a good approach. However, the selection of an arbitrary subset of K antennas in a larger array of L elements can lead to convoluted RF switching circuitry with a significant insertion loss. We have previously shown how it is better divide a large array into groups and to select one antenna per group for further processing. In this so-called 2-layer approach, the RF switching circuit is much simpler, its insertion loss considerably reduced, and the overall practical performance superior, even though the choice of antennas is constrained and therefore suboptimal.******On the other hand, spatial modulation represents a radical new approach which allows an extremely simple transmitter, comprised of a single RF chain, a large number of antennas and appropriate switching circuitry, to operate at a very high bit rate by using the index of the chosen antenna as part of the transmitted information bits. In certain cases, spatial modulation may in fact surpass classical spatial multiplexing schemes in leveraging the potential of massive MIMO (Multi-Input, Multi-Output) links. However, these schemes from 2 drawbacks: relatively complex receiver structures, and vulnerability to deep fades (absence of transmit diversity). Researchers have therefore combined classical antenna selection with spatial modulation in order to introduce some degree of diversity.******The present project aims to derive various novel combinations of spatial modulation and antenna and / or beam selection based on the 2-layer concept, so that the proposed architectures would translate well in practice and have relatively simple RF stages. When a large array is also available at the receiver, 2-layer antenna selection can also be applied there in order to isolate at all times the best set of spatial samples from which to observe the incoming data vectors. Spatial modulation based on beam instead of antenna selection will also be explored, potentially as a means to shape the constellation at the receiver and therefore reduce its complexity. Such techniques will be extended to the massive MIMO uplink and downlink contexts. In the latter, because of FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), a reduction in the number of RF chains is not considered possible with spatial modulation, but solutions to this drawback will be explored. The uplink will require careful study of multiuser detection algorithms applicable to spatial modulation in the forms developed here.

天线选择构成了一种强大的手段，可以以较低的成本和复杂性来利用大型阵列的潜在增益。在某些情况下，这需要比天线的RF链更少，同时仍然保留了整个阵列的许多多样性潜力。鉴于天线本身很简单且价格便宜，这似乎是一种很好的方法。 但是，在较大的L元素中，选择K天线的任意子集可能会导致复杂的RF开关电路，并具有明显的插入损失。我们先前已经显示了如何更好地将大型阵列分为组，并选择一个每组的一个天线进行进一步处理。 In this so-called 2-layer approach, the RF switching circuit is much simpler, its insertion loss considerably reduced, and the overall practical performance superior, even though the choice of antennas is constrained and therefore suboptimal.******On the other hand, spatial modulation represents a radical new approach which allows an extremely simple transmitter, comprised of a single RF chain, a large number of antennas and appropriate switching circuitry, to operate at通过使用所选天线的索引作为传输信息位的一部分，比特速率非常高。在某些情况下，空间调制实际上可能会超过经典的空间多路复用方案，以利用大量MIMO（多输入，多输出）链接的潜力。但是，这些方案来自两个缺点：相对复杂的接收器结构，以及深层褪色的脆弱性（缺乏传输多样性）。因此，研究人员将经典天线选择与空间调节结合在一起，以引入一定程度的多样性。******目前的项目旨在根据2层概念得出各种空间调制和 /或梁选择的新型组合，以便在实践中良好地在实践中可以很好地转化并具有相对简单的RF阶段。当接收器还可以使用大型阵列时，还可以在此处应用2层天线选择，以始终隔离最佳的空间样品集，从中观察到传入的数据向量。还将探索基于梁而不是天线选择的空间调制，这可能是在接收器处塑造星座并因此降低其复杂性的一种手段。此类技术将扩展到大量的MIMO上行链路和下行链路上下文。在后者中，由于FDMA（频分多访问），空间调制不可能认为RF链的数量减少，但是将探讨该缺点的解决方案。上行链路将需要仔细研究适用于此处开发的形式的空间调制的多源检测算法。