Advanced Instrumentation for Research in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

用于加速器质谱研究的先进仪器

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04800
• 负责人: Kieser, William
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=681754
• 关键词: Advanced; Instrumentation; Research; Accelerator; Mass

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a technology used to measure concentrations of rare atoms or isotopes in milligram samples with sensitivities as high as 1 part in 1015 (thousand million million). Such measurements are generally limited to elements which readily make negative ions (anions) and for which anions of other elements with the same mass (isobars) do not exist, e.g. 14C and 129I. If atomic isobars do exist, measurements require the use of larger accelerators (>5 MV) and tedious sample preparation chemistry. Two innovations begun at the IsoTrace Laboratory (Toronto), shortly before it was closed, provided the groundwork needed for the extension of AMS to a much larger fraction of the periodic table. These are: (i) the use of fluoride molecular anions to increase the production of the anions required for AMS and (ii) the use of radio-frequency quadrupole ion guides in cooling and reaction cells to eliminate both atomic and molecular isobars at very low energies - for which a prototype system, the Isobar Separator for Anion (ISA) has been developed and patented.***The primary and long-term goal of this research is to more fully understand the physical (and some chemical) processes which make this equipment work, but which seem to limit its further development. This understanding will be tested by formulating new procedures and components, which, when successful, will become part of future AMS systems. The commissioning of the A. E. Lalonde AMS Laboratory at the University of Ottawa, and the incorporation of recently developed equipment from IsoTrace, provide a unique opportunity to deepen that understanding, to develop new techniques based on this knowledge and to explore the many new applications which they enable. The near-term research program will include:***a) investigating new phenomena observed in earlier work on the ISA. These include the necessity to control the energy and position of the ions, the search for reaction gases with states to which electrons can be resonantly transferred and the determination of the structure of the analyte, isobar or reaction gas molecules. ***b) investigating processes in the formation of fluoride anions. New methods for generating larger molecular anion beams were recently discovered using the high current ion sources at the Lalonde Lab, but these processes are not yet understood. ***c) re-starting the gas ion source research, delayed by the IsoTrace closing. This is motivated by the need of many scientists to analyze compound-specific (hence smaller) 14C samples with the eventual extension of this capability to tritium and 129I measurements, and ***d) continuing collaboration with researchers using AMS to support their work in diverse fields such as tracing pollutant pathways, determining chronologies for geological processes, enabling nuclear forensic investigations, testing new pharmaceuticals and monitoring aspects of human health.

加速器质谱法（AMS）是一种用于测量毫克敏感性较高的稀有原子或同位素浓度的技术，其灵敏度高达1015年（一千万）。这样的测量通常仅限于容易产生负离子（阴离子）的元素，并且对于其他质量（等级）的元素的阴离子不存在，例如14c和129i。如果确实存在原子异荷斯，则测量需要使用较大的加速器（> 5 mV）和乏味的样品制备化学。在关闭前不久的Isotrace实验室（多伦多）开始了两项创新，前提是将AMS扩展到更大的元素周期表所需的基础。 These are: (i) the use of fluoride molecular anions to increase the production of the anions required for AMS and (ii) the use of radio-frequency quadrupole ion guides in cooling and reaction cells to eliminate both atomic and molecular isobars at very low energies - for which a prototype system, the Isobar Separator for Anion (ISA) has been developed and patented.***The primary and long-term goal of this research is更充分地了解使该设备起作用的物理（和一些化学）过程，但似乎限制了其进一步的发展。该理解将通过制定新的程序和组件来测试，这些过程和组件成功将成为未来AMS系统的一部分。渥太华大学的A. E. Lalonde AMS实验室的调试，以及从Isotrace的最近开发的设备合并，为理解提供了一个独特的机会，可以根据这些知识开发新技术，并探索他们启用的许多新应用。近期研究计划将包括：*** a）研究ISA早期工作中观察到的新现象。其中包括控制离子能量和位置的必要性，搜索可以共同传递电子的状态的反应气体，以及分析物，iSobar或反应气体分子的结构的测定。 *** b）研究氟化阴离子形成的过程。最近使用Lalonde Lab的高电流离子源发现了生成较大分子束的新方法，但尚不清楚这些过程。 *** c）重新启动燃气离子源研究，并由等素拉斯结束延迟。这是由于许多科学家需要通过最终扩展到tri trium和129i测量的方法来分析化合物特异性（因此较小）14C样本的需要，并且*** d）继续与研究人员继续合作，使用AMS来支持他们在多样化领域中的工作，例如追踪污染物的测试，并确定了新的测试，并确定了新的核能，并进行了良好的核能效果。人类健康方面。