Development of High-Performance Structural Steel Systems for Resilient and Sustainable Buildings

开发用于弹性和可持续建筑的高性能钢结构系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05605
• 负责人: Moradi, Saber
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=681445
• 关键词: Development; Performance; Structural; Steel; Systems

Experience with past earthquakes has shown that buildings are susceptible to structural damage. Economic losses associated with the repair, downtime, and demolition of buildings have significant consequences on the community functionality especially in urban regions. A recent report by the Insurance Bureau of Canada highlighted that British Columbia could experience economic losses as high as $75 billion under an earthquake of the magnitude expected for the West Coast. In view of potential socio-economic impacts, it is critical to develop new seismic force resisting systems that can protect built infrastructure from damage and disruption. ***The proposed research program enhances the resilience and sustainability of civil engineering infrastructure by developing new structural systems that can minimize structural damage and reduce earthquake losses and downtime. One promising approach is the application of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) as seismic damping and recentering elements. SMAs exhibit several unique characteristics, such as self-centering (the ability to return to their original position after experiencing large deformations). Despite promising results and a growing interest over the last 2 decades in using SMAs for seismic design and retrofit of structures, the practical applications of SMAs remain at an early stage. This is due to challenges, such as material cost, limitations in analysis tools, and lack of design guidelines and comprehensive assessments of the life-cycle benefits of using SMAs. This research program addresses the challenges with the practical application of SMAs in steel moment frames. Over the next 5 years, comprehensive research will be performed, including both numerical and experimental studies that span component-level modeling and testing to building-level performance-based design and assessment. The specific objectives are to: (1) develop and experimentally validate predictive models, design and assessment tools that can be used in practice; (2) systematically characterize and optimize the seismic response; and (3) quantify the benefits of using SMAs in steel buildings through comparative life-cycle seismic performance assessment.***The long-term objective of this research program is to facilitate the practical applications of seismic damage-avoidance systems. The developed design guidelines for SMA-based steel frames from this research will be recommended for implementation into the Canadian design standard for steel structures (CSA-S16) and the National Building Code of Canada. While the focus of this proposed research is on new steel buildings, research findings will be useful for both new construction and seismic retrofit of deficient framed structures. The research program will benefit the broader society by training highly qualified personnel as well as developing building systems with resilient and sustainable features that exceed the minimum performance level found in the current Canadian design standards.

过去地震的经验表明，建筑物很容易受到结构性损坏。与建筑物的维修、停机和拆除相关的经济损失对社区功能产生重大影响，尤其是在城市地区。加拿大保险局最近的一份报告强调，如果发生与西海岸预计震级相同的地震，不列颠哥伦比亚省可能会遭受高达 750 亿加元的经济损失。鉴于潜在的社会经济影响，开发新的抗震系统以保护已建基础设施免受损坏和破坏至关重要。 ***拟议的研究计划通过开发新的结构系统来增强土木工程基础设施的弹性和可持续性，这些系统可以最大限度地减少结构损坏并减少地震损失和停机时间。一种有前途的方法是应用形状记忆合金（SMA）作为地震阻尼和定心元件。 SMA 表现出多种独特的特性，例如自定心（在经历大变形后能够返回到原始位置的能力）。尽管过去 20 年来人们对使用 SMA 进行抗震设计和结构改造的兴趣日益浓厚，但 SMA 的实际应用仍处于早期阶段。这是由于材料成本、分析工具的限制以及缺乏设计指南和对使用 SMA 的生命周期效益的全面评估等挑战造成的。该研究项目解决了 SMA 在钢矩框架中实际应用的挑战。在接下来的五年中，将进行全面的研究，包括数值和实验研究，涵盖组件级建模和测试到建筑级基于性能的设计和评估。具体目标是：（1）开发并通过实验验证可在实践中使用的预测模型、设计和评估工具； (2)系统地表征和优化地震响应； (3) 通过比较生命周期抗震性能评估来量化在钢结构建筑中使用 SMA 的好处。***该研究计划的长期目标是促进地震损伤避免系统的实际应用。本研究制定的基于 SMA 的钢框架设计指南将被建议实施到加拿大钢结构设计标准 (CSA-S16) 和加拿大国家建筑规范中。虽然这项研究的重点是新型钢结构建筑，但研究结果对于新建建筑和有缺陷的框架结构的抗震改造都是有用的。该研究计划将通过培训高素质人才以及开发具有弹性和可持续特征的建筑系统（超过当前加拿大设计标准中的最低性能水平）来造福更广泛的社会。