Mixed-metal-oxide electrodes for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and for electrical charge storage in supercapacitors

用于水电解制氢和超级电容器电荷存储的混合金属氧化物电极

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04192
• 负责人: Omanovic, Sasha
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=661206
• 关键词: Mixed; metal; oxide; electrodes; hydrogen

Hydrogen has been identified as the ‘fuel vector' of the future, as it is perfectly environmentally-friendly, renewable, abundant and has high mass-based energy density. It has increasingly been considered as the best alternative to fossil fuels, and is ultimately expected to provide the solution to transport requirements and large-scale storage of energy. The corresponding technologies have already started emerging even in the consumer sector; Toyota and Honda are introducing hydrogen fuel cell powered cars, hydrogen re-fueling stations have rapidly been built in the USA, Europe and Japan. Hydrogen can be produced by electrolysis of water, which provides a completely clean route to the hydrogen economy without the consumption of fossil fuels or the emission of carbon dioxide, especially if supported by solar-, wind-, or hydro-produced electricity. However, in order to make this technology more cost-competitive, more electroactive, durable and cheaper electrode materials are needed. Further, for applications where a sudden burst of electrical energy is needed (electric and fuel-cell cars, electronic equipment, airplane emergency slides, etc.), electrochemical supercapacitors are best suited. In order to increase the power and energy density of present supercapacitors, better electrode materials are also needed. *** ***The research program proposed here aims at addressing the two above-mentioned areas. It outlines new strategies for the development of new nano-structured electrode materials based on mixed-metal-oxides (MMOs) to be used for (i) production of hydrogen in sustainable-energy-powered electrochemical hydrogen generators, and (ii) for electric charge storage in supercapacitors. *** ***By theoretical considerations and combinatorial electrochemistry, and using new approaches in tailoring electrodes, a number of MMOs will be identified and developed as new electrodes. The research will also contribute to our understanding on how fundamental surface physicochemical properties, surface topography and morphology, bulk structure and chemical composition, and electronic/dielectric properties of MMOs and other types of electrodes influence their corresponding electrochemical properties. This will, in turn, enable researchers to base the design of electrodes for various applications on phenomena at the nano-level, rather than on empirical methods.*** ***The proposed research will train 2 PhD, 3 MEng and 5 undergraduate students, who will subsequently enter the Canadian public research/academic sector or industry and contribute to further development of a range of new cleaner and sustainable electrochemistry-based technologies. The research program, methods and approaches proposed here will also ensure that the quality of these students reflects the position of Canada as one of the world's leaders in science and technology.**

氢已被确定为未来的“燃料载体”，因为它非常环保，可再生，丰富，并且具有高质量的能量密度。它被认为是化石燃料的最佳替代品，最终有望为运输需求和大规模存储能源提供解决方案。即使在消费部门，相应的技术也已经开始出现。丰田和本田正在引入氢燃料电池动力汽车，在美国，欧洲和日本迅速建造了氢气。可以通过电解水的电解来产生氢，这为氢经济提供了完全干净的途径，而无需消耗化石燃料或二氧化碳的排放，尤其是在太阳能，风能或水力发电或水力发电的电力支持的情况下。但是，为了使这项技术更具成本竞争力，更具电动性，耐用和便宜的电极材料。此外，对于需要突然需要电能爆发的应用（电气和燃料电池汽车，电子设备，飞机紧急幻灯片等），电化学超级电容器最适合。为了提高当前超级电容器的功率和能量密度，还需要更好的电极材料。 *** ***这里提出的研究计划旨在解决上述两个领域。它概述了开发新纳米结构的电极材料基于基于混合金氧化物（MMO）的新策略，用于（i）在可持续能量驱动的电化学氢发生器中生产氢，以及（ii）超级电容器中的电荷存储。 *** ***通过理论上的考虑和组合电化学，并在调整电极时使用新方法，将确定许多MMOS并开发为新电极。这项研究还将有助于我们了解基本的表面物理特性，表面形态和形态，体积结构和化学组成以及MMO和其他类型电极的电子/介电特性如何影响其相应的电化学性质。反过来，这将使研究人员能够基于纳米级现象的各种现象应用的电极设计，而不是基于经验方法。**** *** ***拟议的研究将培训2年级博士学位，3名MENG和5名本科生，他们随后将进入加拿大公共研究/学术领域/学术领域或工业范围内，并为新的技术提供了新的范围。这里提出的研究计划，方法和方法还将确保这些学生的质量反映了加拿大作为世界科学技术领域的领导者之一。**