Optical Quantum Communication Protocols

光量子通信协议

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04482
• 负责人: Lutkenhaus, Norbert
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658134
• 关键词: Optical; Quantum; Communication; Protocols

Quantum communication offers unprecedented abilities over what we can today with classical communication. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle allows creating secret keys between two distant parties without computational assumption about eavesdroppers along the connecting line, simply because any attempt by an adversary to look at the signal will disturb it. In quantum information, classical bits are being replaced by qubits, which cannot only take values zero or one, but a continuum of states in-between. That helps, for example, in comparing large files or schedule appointments as one can encode many more different messages into a smaller number of quantum signals.*******The generation of secret key using quantum key distribution is a maturing field with first commercial applications. However, we need to make it work faster to keep up with the increasing communication rates of modern optical communication. For this, we need to find better ways to deal with signal loss in optical fibers as we cannot use traditional signal amplification, as is done in classical optical communication. Such amplification will disturb the signal exactly like an eavesdropper would do. Quantum mechanics offers in principle alternative methods, called quantum repeaters. They have not been demonstrated yet as the known schemes involve very fragile systems and operations. Our research will develop more robust and practical methods.*******The quantitative advantage of quantum communication over classical communication is known since two decades, but until recently, it was not known how to practically implement the protocols to realize that advantage. Recently, we proposed and demonstrated optical protocols to realize the advantage in comparing data files. We will now work to expand the achievable tasks to include quantum-efficient scheduling of appointments in a group of users. This progress is not only important in saving communication costs in networks, but the protocols we propose also leak less information about the compared files or calendar entries to the communication parties. This fits well into the paradigm of Privacy by Design put forward the Ontario Privacy Commissioner.*******In our research, not only do we expand the range of tasks that we can realize in our modern optical communication networks, we also train people who are familiar with these extended capabilities and can carry their knowledge into Canada's communication industry.***

量子沟通提供了前所未有的能力，比我们今天能够通过古典交流能力。海森伯格的不确定性原理允许在两个遥远各方之间创建秘密密钥，而无需沿着连接线窃听的窃听器的计算假设，这仅仅是因为对手试图查看信号的任何尝试都会干扰它。在量子信息中，经典位被Qubits取代，Qubits不仅要将值零或一个值进行，而是中间的一个状态。例如，这有助于比较大型文件或计划约会，因为人们可以将更多不同的消息编码为较少数量的量子信号。*******使用量子密钥分布的秘密密钥的生成是一个带有第一个商业应用程序的成熟字段。但是，我们需要使其更快地工作，以跟上现代光学通信的沟通速度不断提高。为此，我们需要找到更好的方法来处理光纤中的信号损失，因为我们不能像经典的光学通信一样使用传统的信号放大。 这样的放大会像窃听者一样打扰信号。量子力学原理提供了交替方法，称为量子中继器。它们尚未得到证明，因为已知的方案涉及非常脆弱的系统和操作。我们的研究将开发出更强大和实用的方法。*******自二十年以来，量子通信的定量优势比经典交流的定量优势，但直到最近，尚不清楚如何实际实施协议来实现这一优势。最近，我们提出并演示了光学协议，以实现比较数据文件的优势。现在，我们将努力扩展可实现的任务，以包括一组用户中约会的量子计划。此进度不仅在节省网络中的通信成本方面很重要，而且我们建议的协议还泄漏了有关比较文件或通信方的日历条目的信息。这非常适合设计的隐私范式提出了安大略省隐私专员。*******在我们的研究中，我们不仅扩大了我们在现代光学通信网络中可以实现的一系列任务，而且我们还培训那些熟悉这些扩展功能并可以将其知识带入加拿大通信行业的人们。