Mixed contaminants in soil and groundwater - some fundamental problems and their relevance to remediation and treatment

土壤和地下水中的混合污染物 - 一些基本问题及其与修复和处理的相关性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-03832
• 负责人: Li, Loretta
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=657476
• 关键词: Mixed; contaminants; soil; groundwater; some

Mixed contaminants pose major challenges in soil remediation and groundwater treatment. This proposal addresses the urgent need to study the effects of mixed contaminants in soil and groundwater. The proposed work will go beyond single classes of contaminants (e.g. lead, copper, zinc; petroleum hydrocarbon, brominated or fluorinated compounds). Significant gaps in current understanding of these contaminants include contaminant fate and transport in soil when present in mixtures, and transformation mechanisms, particularly in low-mobility zones, potential synergies among treatment technologies, and transport of mixed contaminants in plumes.******My research is primarily focused on understanding fate and transport processes of contaminants, to help improve environmental protection and management practice, with the goals of preventing the spread of contaminants, and reducing adverse health and ecological risks. Many of the perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in drinking water are linked to specific sources, such as industrial sites, military fire-training areas and wastewater treatment plants. It is important to recognize that almost all PFAS-contaminated sites contain more than one contaminant in groundwater, often in commingled plumes, including fuel components such as petroleum products, chlorinated solvents and non-chlorinated compounds, e.g. simultaneously released to the sub-surface during fire-fighting training exercises. Despite this common co-existence of two or more contaminants, detailed study of the fate and transport of PFASs in relation to co-contaminants and co-contaminant remediation is largely missing to date. ******The proposed work will seek to provide insight into the fundamental fate and transport processes that control the impact of PFAS, as well as comingled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 1,4-dioxane, in groundwater. We will particularly focus on the release and transformation of polyfluoroalkyl to the more problematic perfluoroalkyl substances in source zones, as well as the degree of success of commonly employed remediation technologies, which tend to be based on single contaminants. The specific short-term objectives are to: (1) investigate the fundamental mechanisms controlling sorption and release of PFASs from complex soil media; (2) examine the diffusion and potential abiotic reactions of PFASs and comingled contaminants in low-permeability soils; and determine the effects of PAHs, 1,4-dioxane and degradation byproducts on breakthrough of PFASs and their degradation products in one-dimensional flow-through soil columns. The ultimate goal of improved insight into the fundamental fate and transport processes in these mixed contaminant systems is to facilitate the development and optimization of treatment strategies for management of PFAS-sites in which there are comingled co-contaminants.

混合污染物在土壤修复和地下水处理中构成了重大挑战。该提案旨在研究土壤和地下水中混合污染物的影响的迫切需求。拟议的工作将超越单类污染物（例如铅，铜，锌；石油碳氢化合物，溴化或氟化化合物）。当前对这些污染物的当前理解的显着差距包括混合物中存在时土壤中的污染物和运输，以及转化机制，尤其是在低弹性区域，治疗技术之间的潜在协同作用以及羽毛中混合污染物的运输。***** ***** *我的研究主要集中在理解污染物的命运和运输过程上，以帮助改善环境保护和管理实践，以防止污染物的传播以及减少不良健康和生态风险。 饮用水中的许多全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）与特定来源有关，例如工业场所，军事灭火区和废水处理厂。 重要的是要认识到，几乎所有由PFA的污染位点都含有地下水中的多种污染物，通常是在混合的羽毛中，包括石油产品，氯化溶剂和非氯化化合物，例如。在消防训练练习中同时释放到地下表面。 尽管两种或多种污染物的共同存在共同存在，但迄今为止，PFAS的命运和运输的详细研究在很大程度上尚未迄今为止与共同抗合物和联合补救症相关。 *****拟议的工作将旨在洞悉控制PFA的影响，以及在地下水中的多环芳烃（PAHS）和1,4-二恶烷的基本命运和运输过程。我们将特别关注多氟烷基的释放和转化，向源区域中更有问题的全氟烷基物质，以及常用的补救技术的成功程度，这些技术往往基于单个污染物。特定的短期目标是：（1）研究控制复杂土壤培养基中PFASS的基本机制； （2）检查PFASS和污染物在低渗透性土壤中的扩散和潜在的非生物反应；并确定PAH，1,4-二氧烷和降解副产品对PFASS突破及其降解产物的突破的影响。 改善对这些混合污染物系统中基本命运和运输过程的洞察力的最终目标是促进制定和优化治疗策略，用于管理临时共同强化者的PFAS位置。