Experimental and computational investigation of mechanical function as influenced by shape and material properties in native and surgically modified heart valves

受天然和手术改良心脏瓣膜形状和材料特性影响的机械功能的实验和计算研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04588
• 负责人: Labrosse, Michel
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=656273
• 关键词: Experimental; computational; investigation; mechanical; function

Objectives of the proposed research program:***The current predictions from structural engineering models are not yet trustworthy enough to be factored into the patient-specific surgical planning of heart valve repairs. As a result, in cases of aortic and mitral valve leakage, where restoration of functionality in the native defective valve (repair) is generally more desirable than the replacement with a prosthesis, cardiac surgeons must single-handedly master the complex interplay of geometry and material properties to fix the valve. The proposed research program aims to address the deficit in relevance and reliability of structural engineering models for the surgical repair of heart valves. The specific objectives are: 1) the acquisition of new experimental data to establish more accurate engineering models, 2) the development of new validation methods for computer simulations, and 3) the expansion of existing engineering simulation tools to handle cases of high surgical relevance. The resulting simulations are ultimately meant to provide actionable information that can be further evaluated in clinical trials (a logical next step not included in this proposal).******Summary of scientific approach:***The scientific approach will consist in a series of mostly interconnected projects mixing experiments at the tissue and organ levels, computional modeling, and synthesis between experiments and modeling. Specifically, new experimental data will be collected on human valvular tissues for accurate engineering modeling; physical models of normal and diseased heart valves will be developed and validated for the controlled testing of surgical procedures in the lab; finite element simulations will be thoroughly validated against experimental data at the tissue and organ levels; and new metrics will be developed to evaluate the discrepancies in the dynamic function of heart valves between computational simulations and clinical imaging, to rationalize and ease the process of model validation.******Novelty and anticipated significance of the work:***The proposed program will break new ground regarding engineering simulations for heart valve repair surgeries. It will directly improve basic science and engineering knowledge, as well as bring useful, relevant, engineering tools closer to the bedside in concrete and quantifiable ways, while providing advanced training to at least eight HQP. In addition to the anticipated progress regarding engineering models and methods, the proposed program is especially relevant because the number of patients with valvular disease keeps growing due to the aging of the population in Canada and elsewhere. Overall, this Canadian program will reinforce the position of the applicant's group on the international scene as a leader in cardiovascular biomedical engineering research.

拟议的研究计划的目标：***结构工程模型的当前预测尚未足够值得信赖，无法纳入心脏瓣膜维修的患者特定手术计划中。结果，在主动脉和二尖瓣泄漏的情况下，与假体替换相比，天然有缺陷瓣膜（修复）中功能的恢复通常更为可取，心脏外科医生必须单手掌握几何形状和材料特性的复杂相互作用以修复阀门。拟议的研究计划旨在解决结构工程模型的相关性和可靠性赤字，以进行心脏瓣膜的手术修复。具体目标是：1）获取新的实验数据以建立更准确的工程模型，2）开发用于计算机模拟的新验证方法； 3）扩展现有工程模拟工具以处理高手术相关性的病例。最终的模拟最终旨在提供可操作的信息，可以在临床试验中进一步评估（本提案中未包含的逻辑下一步）。******科学方法的摘要：***科学方法将组成一系列大多数相互联系的项目混合实验，在组织和器官级别，兼容模型，兼容模型和实验和模型之间。具体而言，将在人瓣膜组织上收集新的实验数据，以进行准确的工程建模。将开发和验证正常和患病心脏瓣膜的物理模型，并验证实验室中手术程序的控制测试；有限元模拟将对组织和器官水平的实验数据进行彻底验证；并将开发新的指标来评估心脏阀和临床成像之间心脏瓣膜动态功能的差异，以合理化和简化模型验证的过程。它将直接改善基础科学和工程知识，并以具体和可量化的方式使有用的，相关的工程工具更接近床边，同时为至少八个HQP提供高级培训。除了在工程模型和方法方面的预期进展外，该计划尤其重要，因为瓣膜疾病的患者数量由于加拿大和其他地方的人口老龄化而不断增长。总体而言，这项加拿大计划将加强申请人小组在国际舞台上的地位，成为心血管生物医学工程研究的领导者。