Novel energetic polymers and their blends

新型含能聚合物及其共混物

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05147
• 负责人: Dubois, Charles
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649647
• 关键词: Novel; energetic; polymers; their; blends

The turn of this new century has seen energy storage and release, security issues and access to space emerged as new preoccupations.   Polymer based materials have an important role to play in the novel technologies being developed to address these concerns. Energetic polymers are defined as polymers that produce a significant amount of energy during their short decomposition time, often owing to the presence of azide and nitro groups on their backbone. They are not explosives materials per say, but they find use as binders or core components in solid propellants, explosives formulations, and gas generator compositions for explosive actuated safety devices. Usually, energetic polymers are mixed with oxidizers and solid fuels to tailor their energy release process.  *** ***This continuing research program is aimed at developing innovative processes and materials allowing for an increased use of polymers in the field of energetic materials. Over a 5 to 7 years horizon, my objective is obtain novel polymer based energetic materials that can be safely processed and used with minimal environmental costs. About 30 years ago, energetic polymers have received a lot of attention from the development of a handful of now mature thermoset products that often contains azide groups. Most plastics or polymer-rich products are designed to meet specific mechanical and/or barrier properties. Energetic plastics and elastomers must, in addition, also reach satisfactorily combustion properties. These two criteria have so far been almost impossible to obtain in a single thermoplastic product, as the chemical composition that enhances the decomposition process of a polymer, such as the presence of nitro groups, is also detrimental to mechanical properties due to a reduced cristallinity. To break this paradigm, we propose to recall to polymer blends and complex multi-phase materials. This approach has been shown to be very successful in conventional plastics, where blending, alloys and core-shell technologies are now regularly employed. The objective of this program will be to develop novel energetic polymer blends for either thermoset or thermoplastic transformation processes. Our efforts will be deployed on two fronts: 1) the blends of existing energetic polymers and 2) the synthesis of new energetic polymers to enlarge the set of possible blends to investigate. A special attention will be given to polytetrazoles and polytriazoles as they can be produced using a "click chemistry" approach. The envisaged research will be driven with an emphasis on recyclability and reduced environmental footprint. It offers opportunities to increase our fundamental knowledge about multiphase energetic polymer blends.  Smart, safer and recyclable airbags, hypervelocity propulsion systems, advanced thrusters for micro-satellites, environmentally friendly high density explosive compositions are examples of potential applications. ********

在新世纪之交，能量存储和释放、安全问题和进入太空成为新的关注点，聚合物基材料在解决这些问题的新技术中发挥着重要作用。聚合物在短时间内分解时产生大量能量，通常是由于其主链上存在叠氮化物和硝基。它们本身并不是爆炸材料，但它们可用作固体中的粘合剂或核心成分。用于爆炸驱动安全装置的推进剂、炸药配方和气体发生器组合物通常，高能聚合物与氧化剂和固体燃料混合以定制其能量释放过程。 *** ***该持续研究计划旨在开发创新工艺和技术。在 5 到 7 年内，我的目标是获得能够安全加工和使用且环境成本最低的新型聚合物材料。一些现已成熟的热固性产品通常含有叠氮基团，因此聚合物受到了广泛的关注。大多数塑料或富含聚合物的产品旨在满足高能塑料和弹性体必须具有的特定机械和/或阻隔性能。此外，迄今为止，在单一热塑性产品中几乎不可能达到令人满意的燃烧性能，因为增强聚合物分解过程的化学成分（例如硝基的存在）是有限的。为了打破这种范式，我们建议回顾聚合物共混物和复杂的多相材料，这种方法在传统塑料中非常成功，其中共混、合金和芯材。该项目的目标是开发用于热固性或热塑性转化工艺的新型含能聚合物共混物，我们的努力将集中在两个方面：1）现有含能聚合物的共混物和2）合成。新的将特别关注聚四唑和聚三唑，因为它们可以使用“点击化学”方法生产，重点关注可回收性和减少环境足迹。它提供了增加我们关于智能、更安全和可回收安全气囊、超高速推进系统、微型卫星先进推进器、环保高能材料的基础知识的机会。密度炸药组合物是潜在应用的例子。