High-Pressure UV-Curing Rheometer for Investigating Phase Change Flow

用于研究相变流的高压紫外固化流变仪

• 批准号: RTI-2018-00320
• 负责人: Servio, Phillip
• 金额: $ 10.93万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=642329
• 关键词: Pressure; UV; Curing; Rheometer; Investigating

Water is one of the most significant compounds in nature that is not only responsible for life but also plays a significant role in many processes related to energy and safety. Water can undergo two significant phase changes when it is exposed to the proper thermodynamic conditions and components: Ice and Gas Hydrate. Ice accretion on modern infrastructure such as aircrafts, ships, offshore oil platforms, wind turbines, telecommunications and power transmission lines jeopardizes their integrity and poses a significant safety hazard to operators and civilians alike. Gas hydrates on the other hand, are viewed as a new/alternative method to sustain our increasing energy demands and hence, our quality of life. Naturally occurring gas hydrates have enormous amounts of stored energy that exceeds conventional carbon reserves and mostly contain natural gas. The add-ons requested in this proposal to the existing High-Pressure Rheometer will provide a unique insight into the flow of water, in a liquid state, but also as a slurry with soft-solids (ice and hydrate). The range of temperatures and pressures with the custom unit described can be performed with only one other unit (in Austria, that we are aware of). This information is essential for the design of safe, economical, and environmentally responsible processes and facilities to deal with ice and hydrate-forming systems, as well as for the exploitation of in-situ methane hydrate as a future energy resource. Further enhancements to the rheometer include studying phase change materials using a UV curing system (to pattern surfaces) and an extensional rheometer tooling to again orient surfaces via extensional flow to observe the effect of patterned surfaces on ice accretion and related phenomena. A novel approach will be undertaken in this work, exploring the effects of nanomaterial surfaces and polymeric additives on both ice and gas hydrate forming systems. The goal is to elucidate the behavior of the flow of water in the presence of these surfaces and additives as it transitions to either ice or hydrate. The outcome of such work has the potential to place Canada at the forefront of technologies related to de-icing techniques that preclude ice accretion and natural gas recovery, storage and transportation.

水是自然界中最重要的化合物之一，不仅对生命负责，而且在与能源和安全相关的许多过程中发挥着重要作用。当水暴露于适当的热力学条件和成分时，可以经历两个显着的相变：冰和气体水合物。飞机、船舶、海上石油平台、风力涡轮机、电信和输电线路等现代基础设施上的积冰会危害其完整性，并对操作人员和平民造成重大安全隐患。另一方面，天然气水合物被视为一种新的/替代方法来维持我们不断增长的能源需求，从而提高我们的生活质量。天然存在的天然气水合物所储存的能量超过了常规碳储量，并且主要含有天然气。本提案中要求的现有高压流变仪附加组件将为液态水以及软固体（冰和水合物）浆料的水流提供独特的见解。所描述的定制单位的温度和压力范围只能用另一个单位来执行（据我们所知，在奥地利）。这些信息对于设计安全、经济和对环境负责的工艺和设施来处理冰和水合物形成系统以及开发原位甲烷水合物作为未来能源至关重要。流变仪的进一步增强包括使用紫外线固化系统（对表面进行图案化）和拉伸流变仪工具来研究相变材料，以通过拉伸流再次定向表面，以观察图案化表面对积冰和相关现象的影响。这项工作将采用一种新颖的方法，探索纳米材料表面和聚合物添加剂对冰和天然气水合物形成系统的影响。目标是阐明在这些表面和添加剂存在的情况下水转变为冰或水合物时的流动行为。这些工作的成果有可能使加拿大处于除冰技术相关技术的前沿，以防止积冰以及天然气回收、储存和运输。