Sustainability-oriented Water Resources Allocation, Management, and Planning

以可持续发展为导向的水资源分配、管理和规划

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05740
• 负责人: Elshorbagy, Amin
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636383
• 关键词: Sustainability; oriented; Water; Resources; Allocation

Hydrologists and water resources engineers deal with two types of mathematical models to address water resources issues related to planning and management. The first type is hydrological models that simulate the natural hydrological cycle to establish the rainfall-runoff relationship and answer the question of what happens to rain. The second type is water resources systems models that establish the relationship between water supply and demand and answer the question of what happens to runoff. Typically, hydrological models lack the representation of human intervention and water uses and withdrawals, whereas water resources systems models do not consider the natural hydrological processes. Such disconnection impedes the important task of evaluating how natural hydrological and meteorological changes affect the society, and thus, make any proposed adaptation strategies unrealistic.In this research a modeling framework that connects both hydrological modeling (HM) with water resources systems modeling (WRSM) is proposed. Furthermore, the WRSM will be conducted in an integrated fashion to link the water resources system and water allocation decisions for various water uses (e.g., irrigation, hydropower,...) with socioeconomic considerations, such as cost of production, food prices, and revenue generated. Environmental considerations, such as streamflow requirements to support healthy ecosystem will be also considered. The expected outcome of this proposed research program is a modeling framework that allows for Sustainability-oriented Water Allocation, Management, and Planning (SWAMP). SWAMP will be developed for the Saskatchewan River Basin (SRB) as an ideal case study of a river basin extending over three prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba), and subject to an inter-provincial water apportionment agreement. SWAMP will allow for the assessment of the availability, as well as the allocation scenarios, of water resources for competing users under varying conditions. The varying conditions could be natural (climate change) or due to human interventions (e.g., changes of societal perceptions of the value of water). This novel framework and concept promotes and allows for a paradigm shift from studying traditional water budgets to quantifying value-based water budgets; i.e., balance of water and water-dependent commodities and services.SWAMP includes prediction of runoff at the headwaters of the SRB, including those originating from the Rocky Mountains, and routing them through the water resources systems of various water reservoirs and channels, taking into effect various consumptive and non-consumptive water uses for economic, social, and environmental purposes. SWAMP will be an easy-to-understand, rigorous, and decision aid-oriented modeling framework that can be a tool facilitating planning through discussions and negotiations among various stakeholders. SWAMP will be capable of: (1) simulating the water resources system in the SRB under various climatic conditions; water availability scenarios; water, food, and energy pricing; and environmental requirements; (2) analyzing the interrelationships among the various hydrological, environmental, and socioeconomic factors in the SRB, and showing the opportunity value, rather than the cost, of water uses; (3) analyzing the impact of possible time-varying socioeconomic change and adaptation measures; and (4) studying the impacts of different water availability scenarios on the water allocation priorities, infrastructure upgrade decisions, and inter-provincial water apportionment in light of water “societal value”. This research will show the importance of including water as a key variable in economic development and strategic planning at the regional level.

水文学家和水资源处理两类数学模型来解决与规划和管理相关的水资源问题。第一类是模拟自然水文循环的水文模型，以建立降雨-径流关系并回答降雨会发生什么的问题。第二种类型是水资源系统模型，它建立了水的供给和需求之间的关系，并回答径流发生的情况。通常，水文模型缺乏人类干预和水的使用和抽取的表征，而水资源系统模型则可以。不考虑自然水文过程。这种脱节阻碍了评估自然水文和气象变化如何影响社会的重要任务，从而使任何提出的适应策略都不现实。在本研究中，一个将水文模型（HM）与水资源系统模型（WRSM）连接起来的建模框架此外，建议以综合方式进行水资源管理，将水资源系统和各种用水（例如灌溉、水力发电等）的水分配决策与社会经济因素（例如生产成本、粮食成本）联系起来。价格和收入还将考虑环境因素，例如支持健康生态系统的水流要求，该研究计划的预期成果是建立一个建模框架，以实现面向可持续性的水分配、管理和规划（SWAMP）。为萨斯喀彻温河流域 (SRB) 开发，作为横跨三个草原省份（艾伯塔省、萨斯喀彻温省和曼尼托巴省）的河流流域的理想案例研究，并受到省际水的影响SWAMP 将允许在不同条件下评估竞争用户的水资源可用性和分配。不同的条件可能是自然条件（气候变化）或由于人为干预（例如情景变化）。这种新颖的框架和概念促进并实现了从传统水预算研究到量化基于价值的水预算的范式转变；即水和依赖水的商品和服务的平衡。的SRB源头的径流，包括源自落基山脉的径流，并将其输送到各种水库和渠道的水资源系统中，从而实现经济、社会和环境目的的各种消耗性和非消耗性用水SWAMP 将是一个易于理解、严格且以决策辅助为导向的建模框架，可以成为通过各利益相关者之间的讨论和谈判促进规划的工具。 SWAMP 将能够：（1）模拟水资源系统。不同气候条件下的水资源供给情况；水、粮食和能源定价以及环境要求；（2）分析水资源供给中各种水文、环境和社会经济因素之间的相互关系，并显示机会价值；而非用水成本；(3) 分析可能随时间变化的社会经济变化和适应措施的影响；(4) 研究不同的水资源供应情况对水资源分配优先事项、基础设施升级决策和相互影响的影响；省级水资源分配鉴于水的“社会价值”，本研究将表明将水作为区域经济发展和战略规划的关键变量的重要性。