Improved Understanding of Thermosphere-Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling Using Lidar Measurements

使用激光雷达测量提高对热层-中间层-平流层-对流层耦合的理解

• 批准号: 41677-2013
• 负责人: Sica, Robert
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633479
• 关键词: Improved; Understanding; Thermosphere; Mesosphere; Stratosphere

Solar-terrestrial relations is the study of how solar light and particle energy enters and is distributed through Earth's atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere system. The ionosphere is the electrically charged region of the upper atmosphere (80 to 500 km above Earth's surface) while the magnetosphere is the extended region of space around Earth resulting from the Sun's magnetic field interacting with Earth's magnetic field. The atmospheric component traditionally emphasizes the interaction of solar energy with the lower atmosphere. Over the last 20 years it has been realized that the coupling of the lower atmosphere with the upper atmosphere and ionosphere is critical to understanding the system. Thus, simultaneous measurements over a wide range of heights are necessary to provide the inputs needed to understand processes which affect weather and climate, both near the surface and 100s of km above the surface.The proposed research program has several significant benefits for Canadians. A better understanding of coupling between the lower, middle and upper atmosphere is a key element to improving weather and climate models, as processes that occur in one region of the atmosphere can have a significant effect on other regions separated from the first by height, latitude, longitude and time. The proposed measurements will improve our understanding of the transport of pollutants in the atmosphere. It is now well established that pollution created in one region of the world can be lifted into the stratosphere, where it can both affect ozone and be transported great distances before being mixed back down to the surface. Knowledge gained from these studies will be used to address the quality of weather forecasts, health concerns due to air quality, declining levels of stratospheric ozone, GPS navigation in the North and predicting future climate change.

日地关系是研究太阳光和粒子能量如何进入地球大气层-电离层-磁层系统并进行分布的学科。电离层是高层大气的带电区域（距地球表面 80 至 500 公里），而磁层是由于太阳磁场与地球磁场相互作用而形成的地球周围空间的扩展区域。大气成分传统上强调太阳能与低层大气的相互作用。在过去的 20 年里，人们认识到低层大气与高层大气和电离层的耦合对于理解该系统至关重要。因此，有必要在大范围的高度上同时进行测量，以提供了解影响天气和气候的过程所需的输入，无论是在地表附近还是在地表以上数百公里处。拟议的研究计划对加拿大人来说有几个显着的好处。更好地了解低层、中层和高层大气之间的耦合是改进天气和气候模型的关键要素，因为在一个大气区域中发生的过程可能会对与第一大气层隔开的高度、纬度不同的其他区域产生重大影响、经度和时间。拟议的测量将增进我们对大气中污染物传输的了解。现在已经确定的是，世界某一地区产生的污染可以被提升到平流层，在那里它既可以影响臭氧，又可以在混合回地面之前被输送很远的距离。从这些研究中获得的知识将用于解决天气预报的质量、空气质量引起的健康问题、平流层臭氧水平下降、北方的 GPS 导航以及预测未来的气候变化。