Pattern formation during Electropolishing

电解抛光过程中图案的形成

• 批准号: 262009-2013
• 负责人: Kruse, Peter
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=632478
• 关键词: Pattern; formation; during; Electropolishing

We are developing a new field of research, 'Pattern Formation during Electropolishing', which has the potential of being a powerful tool chest for many applications requiring porous or nanopatterned surfaces, or sharp tips. Electropolishing is largely (albeit not entirely) understood in a one-dimensional manner, as a function of distance from the electrode surface but assuming homogeneous behavior in plane parallel to the electrode surface. Instabilities or inhomogeneities that can lead to symmetry breaking and pattern formation are not usually accounted for. We strive to develop 3-dimensional models that take into account a number of near-surface processes that can explain the formation of a variety of different patterns. While there are isolated examples in the literature of in-depth studies of a single system, we are the first group in the world to take a comprehensive approach across a range of systems and phenomena. Specifically, there are several examples in the literature of competing and contradictory models, in particular with regards to the role of anodic oxides. The mechanistic differences between the processes leading to porous anodic oxides, anodic oxide nanotubes or shallow metallic patterns are entirely unclear and not explained in any current model. Due to the practical importance of these structures (especially transition metal oxide nanotubes for catalytic, photovoltaic and biomedical applications), a better understanding of how they are formed would be highly desirable and economically relevant. Phenomena that we have observed in our group include shallow metallic pattern formation (dimples, pimples, stripes and labyrinthine patterns), porous metal layers, detaching and adherent porous oxides, ordered transition metal nanotubes, necking and tip formation, as well as current oscillations resulting in stepped metallic mesas. No coherent and comprehensive 3-dimensional model of electropolishing exists as of yet that could account for all of our observations but we are working to gain full predictive control over this powerful set of tools.

我们正在开发一个新的研究领域，即“电抛光期间的模式形成”，它有可能成为许多需要多孔或纳米图案表面或尖锐尖端的应用程序箱强大的工具箱。电抛光在很大程度上是（尽管不是完全）以一维的方式理解，这是距电极表面距离的函数，但假设平行于电极表面的平面行为。通常不考虑可能导致对称性破裂和模式形成的不稳定性或不均匀性。我们努力开发三维模型，这些模型考虑了许多近乎表面的过程，这些过程可以解释各种不同模式的形成。尽管对单个系统进行深入研究的文献中有孤立的例子，但我们是世界上第一个在各种系统和现象中采取全面方法的群体。具体而言，在竞争和矛盾模型的文献中有几个例子，尤其是关于阳极氧化物的作用。导致多孔阳极氧化物，阳极氧化物纳米管或浅金属模式的过程之间的机械差异完全不清楚，并且在任何当前模型中均未解释。由于这些结构的实际重要性（尤其是过渡金属氧化物纳米管用于催化，光伏和生物医学应用），因此对它们形成的形成方式有更好的理解是非常可取的，并且在经济上是相关的。我们在组中观察到的现象包括浅金属图案形成（酒窝，丘疹，条纹和迷宫图案），多孔金属层，分离和粘附的多孔氧化物，有序的过渡金属纳米管，颈部和尖端形成，以及导致电流振荡在阶梯化的金属台带中。到目前为止，尚无连贯和全面的三维电力模型，这可以解释我们的所有观察结果，但我们正在努力获得对这套强大的工具的完全预测控制。