The Strategic Use of Heat Pumps and Thermal Storage for Residential Demand-side Management

热泵和蓄热技术在住宅需求侧管理中的战略应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-03893
• 负责人: Cruickshank, Cynthia
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612638
• 关键词: Strategic; Use; Heat; Pumps; Thermal

Space conditioning and domestic hot water loads account for over 80 percent of the residential energy use in Canada. These loads place significant peak energy demand on the utility grid during winter mornings (space heating and hot water use) and summer afternoons (space cooling). This has a number of negative impacts on the electricity grid, including an increase in required production capacity and distribution capabilities. As a result, reducing peak energy demand on the grid is paramount over the next decade due to infrastructure aging and rapidly approaching capacity. In response, utility providers in Ontario and Nova Scotia (accounting for 41% of Canada’s population) have implemented rate premiums during peak periods (i.e., time of use billing). This practice is used to encourage consumers to shift their electricity use from on-peak to off-peak periods. The use of heat pumps and thermal storage can alleviate the temporal energy mismatch between off-peak periods and building occupant demands by allowing energy to be stored, thus reducing demand on fossil fuels during peak periods. The overall objective of the research program is aimed at discovering innovative concepts to use heat pumps and thermal storage for residential demand-side management. The program supports fundamental research consisting of component level numerical modelling, supported by experimental analysis. Numerical simulations of complete heat pump thermal storage systems will be implemented in the TRNSYS software and validated against experimental data obtained from controlled laboratory experiments at the Solar Energy Systems Laboratory at Carleton University. To undertake this research, 2 Ph.D. and 2 M.A.Sc. students will be recruited and address the following four short-term objectives: Obj. A: Evaluation of sensible and latent thermal storages and their integration with residential heat pumps to reduce peak utility demand Obj. B: Integration of thermal storage and cold climate air source heat pumps for improved seasonal performance Obj. C: Development of control strategies to offset peak domestic hot water loads Obj. D: Combining heat pumps with solar energy: performance comparison between solar thermal and photovoltaics It is expected that these new systems will contribute to growing trends for distributed thermal and electrical (smart grid) energy solutions to reduce the long-term impact on Canadian energy consumption, and reduce peak electrical loads, energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions. It is anticipated that this program will drive industry innovations in value-added HVAC design, heat transfer and control systems, and will foster the development and training of HQP. Graduate students will be trained in the use of modern equipment essential for building energy studies such as data acquisition and control systems, instrumentation for thermal and fluid measurements, and energy simulation tools.

空间调节和生活热水负荷占加拿大住宅能源使用的 80% 以上，这些负荷在冬季早晨（空间供暖和热水使用）和夏季下午（空间制冷）对公用电网产生巨大的峰值能源需求。这对电网产生了许多负面影响，包括所需生产能力和配电能力的增加。因此，由于基础设施老化和容量迅速逼近，减少电网的峰值能源需求至关重要。安大略省和新斯科舍省公用事业提供商的回应（占加拿大人口的 41%）在高峰时段实行电费溢价（即分时计费），这种做法是为了鼓励消费者将用电从高峰时段转移到非高峰时段。 热泵和热存储的使用可以通过存储能量来缓解非高峰时段和建筑居住者需求之间的暂时能源不匹配，从而减少高峰时段对化石燃料的需求。该研究计划的总体目标是为了实现这一目标。发现利用热泵和蓄热进行住宅需求侧管理的创新概念。 该计划支持包括组件级数值建模在内的基础研究，完整热泵蓄热系统的数值模拟将在 TRNSYS 软件中实施，并根据太阳能系统实验室的受控实验室实验获得的实验数据进行验证。卡尔顿大学将招募 2 名博士生和 2 名硕士生来实现以下四个短期目标： 目标 A：评估显热和潜热储存及其与住宅热泵的集成，以减少高峰公用设施需求 目标 B：蓄热和寒冷气候空气源热泵的集成，以改善季节性性能 目标 C：制定抵消生活热水负荷高峰的控制策略 目标 D：热泵与太阳能的结合：太阳能热能与光伏发电的性能比较 预计这些新系统将有助于分布式热电（智能电网）能源解决方案的发展趋势，以减少对加拿大能源消耗的长期影响，并减少预期的峰值电力负荷、能源成本和温室气体排放。该计划将推动增值暖通空调设计、传热和控制系统方面的行业创新，并将促进 HQP 的发展和培训，研究生将接受建筑能源研究（例如数据采集和分析）所必需的现代设备的使用培训。控制系统、热工仪表和流体测量和能源模拟工具。