Large lake hydrodynamics and mixing

大型湖泊流体动力学和混合

• 批准号: 327536-2011
• 负责人: Boegman, Leon
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572047
• 关键词: Large; lake; hydrodynamics; mixing

The Great Lakes contain 20% of the world's fresh surface water. The water is used for drinking, waste disposal, transportation, recreation, agriculture, fisheries, power generation and industry by a population of 40 million people. Excessive demands on this resource, have resulted in 43 Areas of Concern where water quality is severely compromised and Remedial Action Plans have been implemented (>$1 billion since 1989). A fundamental aspect of lake remediation and management is a need to understand the motion of the water acting to distribute nutrients and oxygen, invasive species, fish larvae, and transport of contaminants and sediments. The complexity of these dynamics is difficult to comprehend and model computationally, because a vast number of coupled processes are acting over scales ranging from >100s of km (mean circulation) to <1 cm (turbulence), and simplifying strategies must be adopted. Decades of research have led to an understanding of the large-scale circulation patterns occurring in large lakes. However, significant knowledge gaps remain: a) How, when and where is turbulent mixing generated from the mean flow in large lakes? b) How does turbulent mixing lead to mass transport through a large lake basin? c) When and where will there be re-suspension of potentially contaminated sediments in large lakes? d) Can we accurately reproduce the mixing/transport processes with computational lake management models? The objective of this research program is to produce the knowledge, highly qualified graduates, and modeling tools that will help answer these questions and better manage our fresh water resources and those of other large lake regions worldwide. Through this research program, 4 PhD and 5 Masters students will be trained in the engineering and professional skills needed by Canada's consulting industry and government agencies.

五大湖蕴藏着世界上 20% 的地表淡水。这些水被 4000 万人口用于饮用、废物处理、交通、娱乐、农业、渔业、发电和工业。对这一资源的过度需求导致 43 个关注领域的水质受到严重损害，并且已经实施了补救行动计划（自 1989 年以来已投入超过 10 亿美元）。 湖泊修复和管理的一个基本方面是需要了解水的运动，以分配营养物和氧气、入侵物种、鱼类幼虫以及污染物和沉积物的运输。这些动力学的复杂性很难通过计算来理解和建模，因为大量耦合过程的作用范围从>100公里（平均环流）到<1厘米（湍流），必须采用简化策略。数十年的研究使人们了解了大型湖泊中发生的大规模环流模式。然而，仍然存在重大知识差距： a) 大型湖泊的平均水流如何、何时、何地产生湍流混合？ b) 湍流混合如何导致通过大湖盆的物质传输？ c) 大型湖泊中可能受污染的沉积物何时何地会重新悬浮？ d）我们能否通过计算湖泊管理模型准确地重现混合/运输过程？ 该研究项目的目标是培养知识、高素质的毕业生和建模工具，以帮助回答这些问题并更好地管理我们和全球其他大型湖区的淡水资源。通过这个研究项目，4名博士生和5名硕士生将接受加拿大咨询行业和政府机构所需的工程和专业技能的培训。