Large lake hydrodynamics and mixing

大型湖泊流体动力学和混合

• 批准号: 327536-2011
• 负责人: Boegman, Leon
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572047
• 关键词: Large; lake; hydrodynamics; mixing

The Great Lakes contain 20% of the world's fresh surface water. The water is used for drinking, waste disposal, transportation, recreation, agriculture, fisheries, power generation and industry by a population of 40 million people. Excessive demands on this resource, have resulted in 43 Areas of Concern where water quality is severely compromised and Remedial Action Plans have been implemented (>$1 billion since 1989). A fundamental aspect of lake remediation and management is a need to understand the motion of the water acting to distribute nutrients and oxygen, invasive species, fish larvae, and transport of contaminants and sediments. The complexity of these dynamics is difficult to comprehend and model computationally, because a vast number of coupled processes are acting over scales ranging from >100s of km (mean circulation) to <1 cm (turbulence), and simplifying strategies must be adopted. Decades of research have led to an understanding of the large-scale circulation patterns occurring in large lakes. However, significant knowledge gaps remain: a) How, when and where is turbulent mixing generated from the mean flow in large lakes? b) How does turbulent mixing lead to mass transport through a large lake basin? c) When and where will there be re-suspension of potentially contaminated sediments in large lakes? d) Can we accurately reproduce the mixing/transport processes with computational lake management models? The objective of this research program is to produce the knowledge, highly qualified graduates, and modeling tools that will help answer these questions and better manage our fresh water resources and those of other large lake regions worldwide. Through this research program, 4 PhD and 5 Masters students will be trained in the engineering and professional skills needed by Canada's consulting industry and government agencies.

大湖区含有世界上20％的新鲜地表水。该水用于饮酒，废物处理，运输，娱乐，农业，渔业，发电和工业，人口为4000万人。对该资源的过度需求导致了43个关注水质受到严重损害并已实施补救行动计划的领域（自1989年以来> 10亿美元）。 湖泊修复和管理的一个基本方面是，需要了解水作用以分配营养物质和氧气，侵入性物种，鱼类幼虫以及污染物和沉积物的运输。这些动力学的复杂性很难理解和计算模型，因为大量耦合过程的作用在范围从> 100 km（平均循环）到<1 cm（湍流）的尺度上，并且必须采用简化的策略。数十年的研究导致了对大湖泊中发生的大规模循环模式的理解。但是，仍然存在重大的知识差距： a）大湖中平均流量产生的湍流混合是如何，何时何地？ b）湍流混合如何导致通过大型湖水盆地的大规模运输？ c）大湖区可能何时何地重新降低潜在污染的沉积物？ d）我们可以通过计算湖管理模型准确地重现混合/运输过程吗？ 该研究计划的目的是生产知识，高素质的毕业生和建模工具，这些知识将有助于回答这些问题，更好地管理我们的淡水资源以及全球其他大型湖泊地区。通过该研究计划，将对加拿大咨询行业和政府机构所需的工程和专业技能进行4名博士学位和5名硕士学位学生。