Investigation of the effects of endovascular prostheses on cardiovascular fluid-structure interactions

血管内假体对心血管流体-结构相互作用影响的研究

• 批准号: 261969-2010
• 负责人: Johnston, Clifton
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=525438
• 关键词: Investigation; effects; endovascular; prostheses; cardiovascular

The use of endovascular stents for management of arterial disease is a rapidly emerging area of importance as it is the preferred choice in the management of occlusive, degenerative and aneurismal disease. A stent is inserted into a vessel to re-establish the vessel diameter, whether that is for re-expansion of an obstruction (stenosis) or to contain the flow through a vessel enlargement (aneurysm - see Figure). Despite these differing clinical requirements, all devices must fundamentally adhere to the overarching mechanical principle of appropriate generation of radial force for good approximation of the vessel wall in order that the desired clinical outcome is achieved. If the stent applies too much or too little force the patency of the stent can be compromised. Many clinical issues arise from the compliance mismatch that occurs between the stented region and the native vessel. Compliance mismatches from stents placed in the aorta can produce over dilation, vessel scarring and increased wave reflections resulting in higher blood pressure. Changes in blood flow velocity patterns and wall shear stress are also attributable to compliance mismatch and influence endothelial response, stent migration or blood leakage. In spite of the importance of these concerns, the forces acting on endovascular stents have not been well identified or defined, with little information available in the literature. The goal of my proposed research is to use experimental and numerical models to better understand the loading of endovascular stents, and how they affect vessel/stent compliance, wave propagation, wave reflection, wall shear stress, pressure and flow.

使用血管内支架用于管理动脉疾病是一个迅速新兴的领域，因为它是闭塞，退化性和动脉粥样硬化疾病的首选选择。 将支架插入容器中以重新建立血管直径，无论是为了重新扩张阻塞（狭窄）还是通过血管扩大的流动（动脉瘤 - 见图）。尽管有不同的临床要求，但所有设备都必须从根本上遵守适当产生径向力的总体机械原理，以良好的血管壁近似，以便实现所需的临床结果。 如果支架施加过多或太少，则支架的通畅性可能会受到损害。 许多临床问题是由于支架区域和本地船只之间发生的合规性不匹配而引起的。 位于主动脉中的支架的依从性不匹配可以产生扩张，血管疤痕和增加的波反射，从而导致血压较高。 血流速度模式和壁剪应力的变化也归因于合规性不匹配并影响内皮反应，支架迁移或血液泄漏。 尽管这些问题的重要性，但作用于血管内支架上的力量尚未得到很好的识别或定义，文献中几乎没有信息。 我提出的研究的目的是使用实验和数值模型更好地了解血管内支架的负载，以及它们如何影响血管/支架依从性，波浪传播，波浪反射，壁剪应力，压力和流动。