Paleobiological and paleoenvironmental control on the origin and diversification of Late Ordovician and early silurian epicontinental brachiopod faunas of North America

古生物学和古环境对北美晚奥陶世和早志留世陆表腕足动物群起源和多样性的控制

• 批准号: 217028-2008
• 负责人: Jin, Jisuo
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=393080
• 关键词: Paleobiological; paleoenvironmental; control; origin; diversification

A major concern about the global warming today is its effect on sea level rise and biodiversity change. The study of modern global change in climate and biodiversity is confined to the scale of decade to millennium. Paleontologists investigate environmental and biodiversity changes in Earth history at a million-year scale based on fossil record preserved in sedimentary rocks. During the past 530 million years (myr) of the Phanerozoic Earth history, one of the two grandest episodes of global warming and sea-level rise occurred in Late Ordovician-Early Silurian time (460-430 myr ago), when the North American paleocontinent was flooded by epicontinental seas, in which marine life thrived, with brachiopods being the dominant benthic shelly organisms. In this proposal, the rich brachiopod fossil records of North America will be studied to address several key questions regarding the epicontinental marine shelly faunas: 1) How did the epicontinental brachiopod faunas originate, disperse, and diversify during the global warming and marine transgression? 2) Why did the epicontinental brachiopod faunas become isolated during the Late Ordovician marine transgression but not during the Early Silurian episode? and 3) What environmental and biological factors controlled the differentiation of contemporaneous brachiopod faunas and the temporal fluctuations in biodiversity during the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian? The approach to these questions is to compare the brachiopod faunas between continental-margin seas (e.g. Anticosti Basin, Mackenzie Mountains, Arctic Canada) and inland basins (Hudson Bay, Michigan, and Williston basins), and by tracing the morphological changes in several brachiopod lineages and their paleoecological settings, using cladistic and multivariate analyses. Results from the proposed research can help us better understand modern global change from the perspective of million year-scale global warming and biodiversity change that occurred in ancient Earth history.

当今全球变暖的主要关注点是它对海平面上升和生物多样性变化的影响。对气候和生物多样性的现代全球变化的研究仅限于千年的十年规模。古生物学家根据在沉积岩中保存的化石记录以一百万年的规模研究地球历史上的环境和生物多样性变化。 During the past 530 million years (myr) of the Phanerozoic Earth history, one of the two grandest episodes of global warming and sea-level rise occurred in Late Ordovician-Early Silurian time (460-430 myr ago), when the North American paleocontinent was flooded by epicontinental seas, in which marine life thrived, with brachiopods being the dominant benthic shelly organisms.在该提案中，将研究北美丰富的腕足化石记录，以解决有关上世纪海军陆战队的雪莉·弗纳斯（Shelly Faunas）的几个关键问题：1）1）在全球变暖和海洋违反期间，epicontinental brachiopod faunas如何起源，分散和多样化？ 2）为什么在奥陶纪后期的海洋违法行为中，epic骨腕足动物动物群孤立，而在志留纪早期发作期间却没有孤立？ 3）哪些环境和生物学因素控制了同时的腕足动物动物区系的分化以及在晚期奥陶纪 - 早期的志留纪期间生物多样性的时间波动？解决这些问题的方法是比较大陆 - 边缘海洋（例如Antentali-basin，Mackenzie Mountains，Canada，加拿大北极）（Hudson Bay，Michigan和Williston Basins）之间的腕足动物动物群，并通过几个Brachiopod Lineagiant and Multivistion and Mullsissitive and contracologicallobological and contersistions and contracsitive and Mullsistist and contersistion。拟议的研究的结果可以帮助我们从古代地球历史上发生的年度全球变暖和生物多样性变化的角度从全球变化的角度更好地理解现代全球变化。