Development of design criteria for working under weak rock masses

制定软弱岩体下作业的设计标准

• 批准号: 46682-2006
• 负责人: Pakalnis, Rimas
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=365920
• 关键词: Development; design; criteria; working; under

This is an extension of research performed by the author over the past fifteen(15) years in developing design tools for the operator. Empirical design approaches have been developed by the candidate's group that are employed in mine designs throughout the world. These have been developed largely for rock masses classified as being fair to good. The mining industry is now extracting ores that require mining under more difficult conditions such as under weaker rock masses. The original "Span Design Curve" as developed for man-entry methods  identifies the critical span that can be open for a given rock mass. It is largely based upon rock masses having an RMR in excess of 55% or Q greater than 4.0 that are largely unsupported. This proposal looks at extending the database to incorporate the weak rock masses along with quantifying the effect of support on the overall design process. The objective is to develop a safe engineered work environment as mining occurs immediately underneath the exposed back and causes the greatest exposure to the operator. An expanded database will be compiled with particular emphasis on Canadian conditions and practices. Individual mine openings will be analysed in terms of stress, structure and the rock mass in order to assess back stability and to develop criteria for the engineer to ensure a safe workplace. The failure mechanism will be modeled and calibrated to actual mine observed conditions for variable rock masses. This will estimate the depth of failure and consequently the potential loading that may act on the support. This will result in design curves for varying support categories. Tools such as analytical, empirical and numerical codes will be calibrated to site observations and measurements to arrive at a workable solution for purposes of design of backs within weak rock masses for a given support type.

这是作者在过去十五（15）年中为运营商开发设计工具所进行的研究的延伸。候选者小组开发了这些方法，并在世界各地的矿山设计中采用了这些方法。采矿业现在正在开采需要在更困难的条件下开采的矿石，例如在较弱的岩体下，为人类进入方法开发的原始“跨度设计曲线”确定了临界跨度。可以打开的对于给定的岩体，它主要基于 RMR 超过 55% 或 Q 大于 4.0 的岩体，这些岩体在很大程度上不受支持。目标是开发一个安全的工程工作环境，因为采矿直接在暴露的背部下方进行，并且将特别强调加拿大的个人条件和做法，从而对操作员造成最大程度的暴露。矿井开口将是根据应力、结构和岩体进行分析，以评估背部稳定性并为工程师制定确保安全工作场所的标准。这将根据实际矿山观察到的可变岩体条件进行建模和校准。估计破坏的深度以及可能作用在支撑上的潜在载荷这将产生不同支撑类别的设计曲线，诸如分析、经验和数字代码之类的工具将根据现场观察和测量进行校准，以得出可行的结果。出于设计目的的解决方案对于给定的支撑类型，软岩体内的背衬。